Robust analysis and design of power system load frequency control using the Kharitonov's theorem

Toulabi, Mohammadreza; Shiroei, M.; Ranjbar, A.M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.08.014

Cited by 97 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The design procedure of a new optimal decentralized load frequency controller is presented in [247]. In addition, the design of the robust decentralized control scheme is discussed in [62,71,81,239,244,[261][262][263][264] with linear matrix inequalities and iterative technique. The design of a decentralized load frequency controller for a four-area interconnected longitudinal system is presented in [265].…”

Section: Centralized and Decentralized Control Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities of Load Frequency Control in Conventional, Modern and Future Smart Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2018

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Power systems are the most complex systems that have been created by men in history. To operate such systems in a stable mode, several control loops are needed. Voltage frequency plays a vital role in power systems which need to be properly controlled. To this end, primary and secondary frequency control loops are used to control the frequency of the voltage in power systems. Secondary frequency control, which is called Load Frequency Control (LFC), is responsible for maintaining the frequency in a desirable level after a disturbance. Likewise, the power exchanges between different control areas are controlled by LFC approaches. In recent decades, many control approaches have been suggested for LFC in power systems. This paper presents a comprehensive literature survey on the topic of LFC. In this survey, the used LFC models for diverse configurations of power systems are firstly investigated and classified for both conventional and future smart power systems. Furthermore, the proposed control strategies for LFC are studied and categorized into different control groups. The paper concludes with highlighting the research gaps and presenting some new research directions in the field of LFC.Energies 2018, 11, 2497 2 of 35 before triggering the under/over frequency protection relays. The primary frequency control is usually implemented by the governor droop which results in steady stated errors. The secondary frequency control, which is called load frequency control (LFC) or automatic generation control (AGC), is responsible for regulating the frequency in power systems and has two main goals: (i) maintaining the frequency into a desirable range; and (ii) controlling the interchange power through major tie-lines between the different control areas. The main task of tertiary control level is re-dispatching generating units and ancillary reserve after a sever disturbance.With increasing the penetration level of renewable resources such as wind farms and photovoltaic plants in power systems, the uncertainties of active power production is highly increased, thus determining frequency variations. Such increase in active power fluctuation, beside the demand stochasticity, the frequency of power system would be highly oscillated. Therefore, future power systems need more robust and optimal LFC approaches that can handle such problems.Many control approaches have been suggested for LFC in interconnected power systems. These approaches can be categorized into four groups: (i) classical control approaches focus on designing proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers for controlling the frequency and tie-lines power flows; (ii) modern control approaches including optimal control method, sliding mode control schemes, and adaptive control systems; (iii) intelligent control schemes, such as fuzzy control systems; and (iv) soft computing-based approaches for controllers' parameter tuning which had a considerable attention from researchers in the last decade. Survey MethodologySeveral methodologies can be followed for conduc...

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Section: Centralized and Decentralized Control Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities of Load Frequency Control in Conventional, Modern and Future Smart Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2018

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“…Frequency stability is the ability of a power system to maintain steady frequency following a severe contingency in generation and load balance. Without any automatic load shedding plan, the frequency instability may cause a partial or complete blackout of an interconnected power system [1], [2]. To stop the propagation of a cascading outage and to minimize the risk of damage to main equipment(turbines and generators), it is required to design and implement automatic UFLS plans.…”

Section: A Aims and Backgroundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Under Frequency Load Shedding Considering RoCoF Relays of Distributed Generators

Amraee

Darebaghi

Soroudi

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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The activation of Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) is the last automated action against the severe frequency drops in order to re-balance the system. In this paper, the setting parameters of a multistage load shedding plan are obtained and optimized using a discretized model of dynamic system frequency response. The uncertainties of system parameters including inertia time constant, load damping and generation deficiency are taken into account. The proposed UFLS model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming optimization problem to minimize the expected amount of load shedding. The activation of Rateof-Change-of-Frequency (RoCoF) relays as the anti-islanding protection of Distributed Generators (DGs) are considered. The MCS method is utilized for modeling the uncertainties of system parameters. The results of probabilistic UFLS are then utilized to design four different UFLS strategies. The proposed dynamic UFLS plans are simulated over the IEEE 39-bus and the large scale practical Iranian national grid. Index Terms-Under frequency load shedding, inertia time constant, load damping, RoCoF, uncertainty. s Time delay before load shedding. OF Variable for representing the objective function. H ρ Value of H at ρ th scenario.

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“…Another strong PI controller is designed using Kharitonov's hypothesis, the goal is to expand the robustness and transient execution at the same time based diversions are performed for making the transient conduct of the LFC framework and the ITSE is utilized for evaluating the transient execution [9]. A cost control work containing power control and transient execution is made and the GA is utilized to streamline the PI gains.…”

Section: Fig 2 -Feedback System With Inverse Additive Perturbationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on various optimization techniques used for Load Frequency Control in power system

Kumar

Indragandhi

2018

Serb J Electr Eng

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In a unified power system the Load Frequency Control (LFC) is taken for review looking at all aspects with various optimization techniques for optimizing the parameters of PI, PID and Fuzzy controllers. The power system with multi area consists of conventional, renewable and combination of both with some energy devices like SMES, battery sources is analyzed specifically in this manuscript. The controllers are designed for a deregulated environment of a power system for LFC. The Model Predictive Control (MPC) and some other control techniques are used to control LFC under various disturbances like GRC and dead band control. For the readers ease of understanding the time response comparison graph of the controller for single and multiple areas of power system is depicted.

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Robust analysis and design of power system load frequency control using the Kharitonov's theorem

Cited by 97 publications

References 15 publications

Challenges and Opportunities of Load Frequency Control in Conventional, Modern and Future Smart Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Challenges and Opportunities of Load Frequency Control in Conventional, Modern and Future Smart Power Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Probabilistic Under Frequency Load Shedding Considering RoCoF Relays of Distributed Generators

Analysis on various optimization techniques used for Load Frequency Control in power system

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