Robust and efficient cooperative spectrum sensing against probabilistic hard Byzantine attack

Self Cite

To improve spectrum utilization, cognitive radio (CR) enables unauthorized internet of thing (IoT) devices to opportunistically access the channel underutilized by the primary user (PU) in a cognitive IoT (CIoT). To this end, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) plays a crucial role in CR technology, which leverages the spatial diversity of corroborative IoT devices to accurately detect the PU signal. However, this open cooperative paradigm may suffer from spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack in which malicious IoT devices intentionally mislead the fusion center (FC) by providing false sensing results to make an incorrect global decision regarding the PU status. To effectively characterize the attack behavior of malicious IoT devices, we propose a massive SSDF attack model described by the attack cycle and malicious ratio within a sensing period to characterize the malicious behaviors. Additionally, we introduce a delivery evaluation mechanism and propose a dynamic sliding window‐CSS (DSW‐CSS) to mitigate the impact of massive SSDF attack. Moreover, we introduce a sequential reporting mechanism to further reduce the number of samples required by the global decision‐making of the FC. Finally, simulation results show the flexibility and aggressiveness of the proposed attack model and demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of DSW‐CSS.

Section: Motivation and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic sliding window‐cooperative spectrum sensing against massive SSDF attack in interweave cognitive internet of things

Zhu,

Wu,

et al. 2024

Self Cite

“…difficult to defend. 30,31 After all, the pursuit of maximal throughput is the primary motivation behind the malicious networks. The aim of the attacker is to achieve this goal to the greatest extent possible.…”

Section: Probabilistic Hard Byzantine Attack Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy efficiency analysis of cooperative spectrum sensing: A malicious user's perspective on Byzantine attack

Liang,

Wu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Self Cite

As wireless communication technology advances rapidly, spectrum resource scarcity has become a major challenge for wireless devices and applications. To address the issue of spectrum resource scarcity, cognitive radio (CR) technology was developed. Its objective is to utilize spectrum sensing to detect the state of the authorized/primary user (PU), allowing the unauthorized/secondary users (SUs) to dynamically access the spectrum resources. Furthermore, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is designed to increase the PU signal's detection accuracy but also suffers from Byzantine attack from malicious users (MUs). To acquire a more profound insight of the detrimental effects of a Byzantine attack on CSS, we establish a probabilistic model that characterizes malicious actions in an infrastructure‐based cognitive radio network (CRN). Building upon this new perspective of MUs, we conduct a comprehensive analytical study to investigate the achievable throughput, energy consumption (EC) of spectrum sensing and data transmission in the CSS process. Moreover, the close‐formed expressions of energy efficiency (EE) with respect to the attack parameters are derived and the impact analysis of Byzantine attack on EE are also provided under the four scenarios. Finally, a series of numerical simulation results demonstrate that provides a guideline for a more secure and robust Byzantine defense strategy in the future.

“…Therefore, the joint spectrum sensing and resource allocation scheme is proposed in this paper, which can be split into two subalgorithms are the selection‐majority and spectrum resource allocation (SRA) algorithm. Following our previous work, 35,36 in addition to enriching and improving the system model and the exploitation of Byzantine attack, this paper also extends to spectrum resource allocation. Specifically, the main contribution of this paper can be summarized as follows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint spectrum sensing and resource allocation against byzantine attack in overlay cognitive radio networks

Gan

et al. 2022

Self Cite

Cognitive radio (CR) technology has emerged as a viable solution to solve the dilemma of spectrum scarcity and underutilization. It allows secondary users (SUs) to opportunistically access the primary user (PU) channel. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) further improves the accuracy of detecting spectrum availability by exploiting spatial diversity gain. However, the open nature of CR networks (CRNs) makes CSS process be prone to Byzantine attack, resulting in the excessive interference to the PU and the waste of spectrum resources. To this end, we propose a joint spectrum sensing and resource allocation scheme to defend against Byzantine attack. Specifically, we develop a probabilistic Byzantine attack model to characterize attack behaviors from malicious users (MUs) and evaluate its negative impact on the CSS performance. Then, the delivery evaluation mechanism is designed to evaluate the sensing performance of SUs and distinguish between normal users and MUs. Based on this, we propose a selection-majority algorithm to improve CSS performance by exploiting sensing reports from MUs. To further solve the Byzantine attack, we propose a spectrum resource allocation algorithm, which allocates corresponding spectrum resources according to the historical behavior of SUs. By reducing the resources allocated to poorly performing SUs, this scheme incentivizes them to report correct sensing results and drive MUs to stop attacking or leave CRN. Extensive simulation results corroborate the correctness and effectiveness of our theoretical analysis and show that our proposed scheme can effectively resist Byzantine attack.