Robust and Versatile Coatings Engineered via Simultaneous Covalent and Noncovalent Interactions

Abstract

Interfacial modular assembly has emerged as an adaptable strategy for engineering the surface properties of substrates in biomedicine, photonics, and catalysis. Herein, we report a versatile and robust coating (pBDT‐TA), self‐assembled from tannic acid (TA) and a self‐polymerizing aromatic dithiol (i.e., benzene‐1,4‐dithiol, BDT), that can be engineered on diverse substrates with a precisely tuned thickness (5–40 nm) by varying the concentration of BDT used. The pBDT‐TA coating is stabilized by covalent (disulfide) bonds and supramolecular (π‐π) interactions, endowing the coating with high stability in various harsh aqueous environments across ionic strength, pH, temperature (e.g., 100 mM NaCl, HCl (pH 1) or NaOH (pH 13), and water at 100 °C), as well as surfactant solution (e.g., 100 mM Triton X‐100) and biological buffer (e.g., Dulbecco's phosphate‐buffered saline), as validated by experiments and simulations. Moreover, the reported pBDT‐TA coating enables secondary reactions on the coating for engineering hybrid adlayers (e.g., ZIF‐8 shells) via phenolic‐mediated adhesion, and the facile integration of aromatic fluorescent dyes (e.g., rhodamine B) via π interactions without requiring elaborate synthetic processes.

Size Changeable Nanomedicines Assembled by Noncovalent Interactions of Responsive Small Molecules for Enhancing Tumor Therapy

“…TCFD NP showed excellent stability in H 2 O, glucose, and 1640 medium (10% FBS) with insignificant fluctuation of the diameter and PDI. Collectively, the combination of multiple noncovalent interactions, including hydrophobic, electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bond, secured the nanoassemblies with excellent uniformity, dispersiveness, and stability …”

“…Collectively, the combination of multiple noncovalent interactions, including hydrophobic, electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bond, secured the nanoassemblies with excellent uniformity, dispersiveness, and stability. 55 3.3. pH/GSH Responsiveness and Drug Release Behavior of TCFD NP. Chemotherapy drug DOX was encapsulated successfully in the nanoassemblies via cooperative noncovalent interactions.…”

Versatile Polymer Nanocapsules via Redox Competition

“…While the PBDT nanoparticles are primarily stabilized by p-p interactions, the formation of PDA is dominated by robust covalent interactions. [43,44] Therefore, we hypothesized that the supramolecular PBDT nanoparticles would be removed during the solvent treatment to produce uniform PDA nanocapsules. [45] This is corroborated by incubating the core-shell nanoparticles in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 15 min: SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated the transformation of core-shell nanoparticles into crumpled nanocapsules via DMSO (Figure 3 b-e and S10,11).…”

Assembly of Hexagonal Column Interpenetrated Spheres from Plant Polyphenol/Cationic Surfactants and Their Application as Antimicrobial Molecular Banks

“…[17,18] Recently, phenolic building blocks often serve as an inspiration to researchers to engineer novel advanced materials in energy, catalysis,and biomedicine fields,owing to the discovery of the broad adhesion arising from their catechol and gallol moieties in mussel adhesive proteins. [19][20][21][22] Theintrinsic properties and multiple interaction sites of these moieties make polyphenols interact with diverse materials or substrates (plastic, cotton, glass,e tc.) through metal coordination, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, p interactions,a nd electrostatic interactions,e tc.…”

“…through metal coordination, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, p interactions,a nd electrostatic interactions,e tc. [21,23] Nevertheless,t he use of phenolics to regulate the assembly and function of quaternary ammonium surfactants (QAS), ak ind of most widely used antimicrobial agent in various fields including food industry and hospitals, via noncovalent interactions has been rarely reported. As one of the plant-based phenolic compounds,g allic acid (GA) is abundant in nature,and highly biocompatible and biodegradable.…”