Robust control design for air breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell system via variable gain second‐order sliding mode

Mirrashid, Naghmeh; Rakhtala, Seyed Mehdi; Ghanbari, Mahmood

doi:10.1002/ese3.199

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The stator of a permanent magnet motor uses toroidal windings. While reducing the length of the motor's end, it can also increase the cooling area of the stator windings so that the stator windings are directly cooled by the airflow, improving the cooling efficiency [12]. The ventilation cooling system structure of the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous traction motor discussed in this study is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Fluid Field Analysis Of High-speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Motormentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Temperature Rise in High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Motors by Coupling the Equivalent Thermal Circuit Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics

Jia¹

2020

Fluid Dynamics &Amp; Materials Processing

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To solve the problem of temperature rise caused by the high power density of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous traction motors, the temperature rise of various components in the motor is analyzed by coupling the equivalent thermal circuit method and computational fluid dynamics. Also, a cooling strategy is proposed to solve the problem of temperature rise, which is expected to prolong the service life of these devices. First, the theoretical bases of the approaches used to study heat transfer and fluid mechanics are discussed, then the fluid flow for the considered motor is analyzed, and the equivalent thermal circuit method is introduced for the calculation of the temperature rise. Finally, the stator, rotor loss, motor temperature rise, and the proposed cooling method are also explored through experiments. According to the results, the stator temperature at 50,000 r/min and 60,000 r/min at no-load operation is 68°C and 76°C, respectively. By monitoring the temperature of the air outlets inside and outside the motor at different speeds, it is also found that the motor reaches a stable temperature rise after 65 min of operation. Coupling of the thermal circuit method and computational fluid dynamics is a strategy that can provide the average temperature rise of each component and can also comprehensively calculate the temperature of each local point. We conclude that a hybrid cooling strategy based on axial air cooling of the inner air duct of the motor and water cooling of the stator can meet the design requirements for the ventilation and cooling of this type of motors.

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Section: Fluid Field Analysis Of High-speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Motormentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Temperature Rise in High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Motors by Coupling the Equivalent Thermal Circuit Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics

Jia¹

2020

Fluid Dynamics &Amp; Materials Processing

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“…However, the low durability of PEMFC is still an obstacle to large-scale commercialization. [5][6][7] Numerous studies have reported deterioration mechanisms, accelerated stress tests (AST), and mitigation strategies during the last decade. In automotive applications, the operating conditions accelerate the degradation of the system relative to stationary applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐destructive platinum catalyst‐replenishment method for deteriorated polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Kim

Yoo

Kim

et al. 2021

Energy Science & Engineering

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A novel method for replenishing platinum catalysts on an electrolyte membrane of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is studied. The method injects electrocatalyst-supplementing ink into a pre-assembled fuel cell in a simple and non-destructive manner. For replenishing, straightforward catalystreplenishment equipment and corresponding protocol are proposed. The protocol consists of injection, penetration, and purge processes. As a feasibility study, the method is performed on fuel cells with pristine membranes. Target fuel cells for this study include a membrane-assembled cell without catalyst layers (CLs) (Cell 1) and a cell assembled with a membrane-coated cathodic CL (Cell 2). An open-circuit voltage of 0.804 V in Cell 1 and a current of 77 mA in Cell 2 are measured, as supported through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy also support the presence of platinum catalysts.

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“…Moreover, sliding mode control (SMC) is a wellknown non-linear control scheme, has the capability to deal with non-linear systems with unknown uncertainties and disturbance, besides has less sensitivity to the system's parameters variations [20]. Several control structures and observers based on SMC were developed for PEMFC air supply system, among them, super twisting SMC [21,22], adaptive super twisting SMC [23], highorder SMC [24] and adaptive high-order SMC [25]. In addition, finite time state observer based-control via high-order sliding mode (HOSM) was designed to estimate and control the oxygen excess ratio [26] and highorder sliding mode observer based-fuel delivery control was proposed in Chen et al [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive integral type‐terminal sliding mode control for PEMFC air supply system using time delay estimation algorithm

Abbaker

Wang

Tian

2020

Asian Journal of Control

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This paper proposes a new cascaded adaptive integral type-terminal sliding mode control based on time delay estimation algorithm (cascaded-AITSMC-TDE) for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system with unknown uncertainties. The proposed cascaded-AITSMC-TDE scheme is composed of two components: time delay estimation (TDE) technique and cascadedadaptive integral type-terminal sliding mode control (AITSMC). The TDE is employed to approximate unknown uncertain dynamic. The cascaded-AITSMC is integrated with TDE to control oxygen excess ratio (stoichiometry) and air flow rate keeping a proper system performance under load disturbance, avoiding the oxygen starvation. The stability of the proposed cascaded-AITSMC-TDE via closed-loop system is verified by Lyapunov approach. In order to validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed cascaded-AITSMC-TDE, a comparative study with a single loop AITSMC, cascaded integral type-terminal sliding mode control (cascaded-ITSMC) and cascaded integral sliding mode based-time delay estimation (cascaded-ISMC-TDE) is carried out, and the corresponding simulation results exhibit that the proposed controller provides fast convergence of tracking trajectories with less fluctuations.

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Robust control design for air breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell system via variable gain second‐order sliding mode

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Analysis of Temperature Rise in High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Motors by Coupling the Equivalent Thermal Circuit Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics

Analysis of Temperature Rise in High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Motors by Coupling the Equivalent Thermal Circuit Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics

Non‐destructive platinum catalyst‐replenishment method for deteriorated polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Adaptive integral type‐terminal sliding mode control for PEMFC air supply system using time delay estimation algorithm

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