Robust epidermal tattoo electrode platform for skin physiology monitoring

Guzman, Keana De; Al-Kharusi, Ghayadah; Levingstone, Tanya J.; Morrin, Aoife

doi:10.1039/c8ay02678e

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…To solve these problems, the use of thin-film electrodes has been proposed. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] These electrodes adhere to the skin without discomfort and allow the skin impedance to be measured without applying pressure to the skin. Furthermore, in order to monitor the skin hydration in a natural state without the inhibition of TEWL for long period of time, electrodes require high water vapor permeability, high conductivity, and biocompatibility.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/adhm202001322mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Impedance Measurements with Nanomesh Electrodes for Monitoring Skin Hydration

Matsukawa

Miyamoto

Yokota

2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The importance of continuous monitoring of skin hydration in daily life, to aid in the diagnosis of skin diseases, is rising. Electrodes that can be worn directly on the skin are attracting attention as an effective means. However, they should not inhibit natural water evaporation from the skin and should not cause inflammation or irritation even if they are attached to the body for long periods of time. In this study, nanomesh electrodes that have previously been reported to exhibit high biocompatibility are also found to exhibit high water vapor permeability, resulting in properties that prevent skin dampness. Furthermore, the skin impedance measured using nanomesh electrodes is found to correlate with the hydration level of skin measured using existing medical equipment. This study provides a new approach to measure skin hydration in conditions close to bare skin. Skin is the outermost organ of the body and acts as a barrier separating the inside of the body from the outside world. Skin is essential to prevent the entry of pathogens and contaminants from the outside environment into the body, as well as to prevent excessive evaporation of water from the body. The stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, serves as a barrier that inhibits water evaporation from the skin called trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL). [1] When the stratum corneum is damaged, the water in skin evaporates more easily to the outside world, making the skin prone to dryness. [2] Therefore, it is important to measure the skin hydration levels to assess the barrier function of the stratum corneum. The evaluation of the stratum corneum's barrier function has attracted significant attention from the cosmetic and medical fields as it is useful for understanding the characteristics of an individual's skin and diagnosing skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, [3] ichthyosis vulgaris, [4] and psoriasis. [5] Skin hydration levels are commonly measured indirectly by measuring the skin's electrical properties, such as the skin impedance and skin capacitance. This is because the higher the hydration level of the skin, the higher the conductivity and dielectric constant. [6,7] In the medical community, the electrical properties of the skin are measured using probes with rigid electrodes

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Section: Doi: 101002/adhm202001322mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Impedance Measurements with Nanomesh Electrodes for Monitoring Skin Hydration

Matsukawa

Miyamoto

Yokota

2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

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“…At micrometric scale, these electrodes offer better mechanical and electrical contact than traditional rigid and bulk sensors. [ 10,11 ] In tattoo technology, temporary tattoo paper is a thin transferable substrate that carries electrical capabilities. [ 12,13 ] It creates an unnoticeable and long‐lasting interface with the skin, while ensuring an easy yet reliable handling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitive Coupling of Conducting Polymer Tattoo Electrodes with the Skin

Ferrari

Ismailov

Greco

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Tattoo electronics is one of the emerging technologies in skin compliant biosensing. The growing interest in their large application in health monitoring raises several interrogations on how these sensors interface with the skin. In this paper, the bioimpedance at the interface of the skin and ultra‐conformable tattoo electrodes made of conducting polymers are focused on. The electrochemical characteristics of these electrodes differ from traditional gelled Ag/AgCl electrodes. The modeling of equivalent circuits in different skin‐electrode configurations proposes the explanation of the biopotentials transduction mechanism. The strong agreement between the circuit model and experimental values reveals the capacitive coupling of conducting polymer tattoo electrodes where circuit's values reflect the electrodes’ and skin physical characteristics. Additional studies underline an enhanced signal stability in inter/intra‐subject evaluations using dry tattoos beneficial for broad long‐term recordings. This study provides a comprehensive explanation of the skin/tattoo electrode interface model. The understanding of this interface is essential when designing next generation wearable biomonitoring devices using imperceptible interfaces.

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“…More recently, the same team [99] described a thin, flexible sensing platform based on silver electrodes screen-printed on a thin elastomeric substrate for skin monitoring. Using an acrylate porous adhesive layer improved the mechanical properties of the patch without degradation of the electrical performances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( B ) Impedance (Nyquist plot) of the inner forearm, measured by the silver-elastomer tattoo device. Reproduced from [99] with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Skin Chemical Sensors

Piro

Mattana

Noël

2019

Sensors

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This review summarizes the latest developments in the field of skin chemical sensors, in particular wearable ones. Five major applications are covered in the present work: (i) sweat analysis, (ii) skin hydration, (iii) skin wounds, (iv) perspiration of volatile organic compounds, and (v) general skin conditions. For each application, the detection of the most relevant analytes is described in terms of transduction principles and sensor performances. Special attention is paid to the biological fluid collection and storage and devices are also analyzed in terms of reusability and lifetime. This review highlights the existing gaps between current performances and those needed to promote effective commercialization of sensors; future developments are also proposed.

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Robust epidermal tattoo electrode platform for skin physiology monitoring

Abstract: Robustness in an impedance-based tattoo electrode platform is achieved through the integration of novel material approaches for skin physiology monitoring.

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Skin Impedance Measurements with Nanomesh Electrodes for Monitoring Skin Hydration

Skin Impedance Measurements with Nanomesh Electrodes for Monitoring Skin Hydration

Capacitive Coupling of Conducting Polymer Tattoo Electrodes with the Skin

Recent Advances in Skin Chemical Sensors

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