2018
DOI: 10.3390/v10090512
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Robust Innate Immunity of Young Rabbits Mediates Resistance to Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Caused by Lagovirus Europaeus GI.1 But Not GI.2

Abstract: The rabbit caliciviruses Lagovirus europaeus GI.1 and GI.2 both cause acute necrotizing hepatitis in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Whilst GI.2 is highly virulent in both young and adult rabbits, rabbits younger than eight weeks of age are highly resistant to disease caused by GI.1, although they are still permissive to infection and viral replication. To investigate the underlying mechanism(s) of this age related resistance to GI.1, we compared liver transcriptomes of young rabbits infected with GI… Show more

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Cited by 35 publications
(64 citation statements)
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References 98 publications
(154 reference statements)
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“…The reciprocal positive association between RHDV and the rate of increase of RHDV2 was most likely the result of partial cross‐immunity, where some RHDV seropositive individuals are susceptible to RHDV2 infection. RHDV2 can overcome immunity from previous RHDV infection or vaccination (Le Gall‐Reculé et al, ; Neave et al, ; Peacock et al, ) and partial cross‐immunity has been recognized as a key process facilitating the incursion and coexistence of competing pathogen strains (Adams & Sasaki, ; Best & Hoyle, ). Several outcomes from the competition among strains under partial cross‐immunity are possible, including strain extinction, coexistence or strain oscillation (Lion & Metz, ; Restif & Grenfell, ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The reciprocal positive association between RHDV and the rate of increase of RHDV2 was most likely the result of partial cross‐immunity, where some RHDV seropositive individuals are susceptible to RHDV2 infection. RHDV2 can overcome immunity from previous RHDV infection or vaccination (Le Gall‐Reculé et al, ; Neave et al, ; Peacock et al, ) and partial cross‐immunity has been recognized as a key process facilitating the incursion and coexistence of competing pathogen strains (Adams & Sasaki, ; Best & Hoyle, ). Several outcomes from the competition among strains under partial cross‐immunity are possible, including strain extinction, coexistence or strain oscillation (Lion & Metz, ; Restif & Grenfell, ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, other studies using more recent RHDV2 isolates report very high levels of virulence in both adult and young rabbits (Capucci, Cavadini, Schiavitto, Lombardi, & Lavazza, ; Neimanis, Pettersson, Huang, Widén, & Strive, ). Unlike RHDV (Robinson, So, Müller, Cooke, & Capucci, ), RHDV2 causes fatal infections in juvenile rabbits <5 weeks of age (Neave et al, ) and can also infect rabbits recovered from previous RHDV infection or vaccination (Le Gall‐Reculé et al, ; Neave et al, ; Peacock et al, ). Initial estimates of the impact of RHDV2 on wild populations from two sites in South Australia indicated a reduction in rabbit abundance of around 80% (Mutze et al, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For the production of RHDVa hyperimmune sera, five‐week‐old rabbits were infected with RHDVa‐Aus ( n = 4) and RHDVa‐K5 ( n = 5). Due to the age‐related innate resistance to lethal RHDV infection (Matthaei et al, ; Neave et al, ) it was expected that rabbits of this age group would not succumb to fatal RHDV infection but survive and mount a strong antibody response. Rabbits were orally infected with 0.5 ml of virus inoculum using a 1 ml syringe.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For the production of RHDVa hyperimmune sera, five-week old rabbits were infected with RHDVa-146 Aus (n=4) and RHDVa-K5 (n=5). Due to the age related innate resistance to lethal RHDV infection 147 (Matthaei et al, 2014, Neave et al, 2018 it was expected that rabbits of this age group would not 148 succumb to fatal RHDV infection, but survive and mount a strong antibody response. Rabbits were 149 orally infected with 0.5 ml of virus inoculum using a 1 ml syringe.…”
Section: Production Of Reference Seramentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to the 51 impeding effects of RCV-A1, rabbit populations have been recovering in recent years (Mutze et al, 52 2014), and developing genetic resistance to RHDV has been reported in some Australian rabbit 53 populations (Elsworth et al, 2012, Nystroem et al, 2011. In an attempt to 'boost' rabbit biocontrol 54 in Australia and to maintain the substantial economic and environmental gains made by the long 55 term suppression of rabbit populations by RHDV (Pedler et al, 2016, Cooke, 2013, an additional 56 strain of RHDV was released nationwide in Australia in March 2017 (Hall et al, 2018, Strive andCox, 57 2019). This strain termed RHDVa-K5 is a naturally occurring antigenic variant of RHDV from Korea 58 (Oem et al, 2009) which was shown experimentally to be more effective in infecting rabbits from a 59 genetically resistant rabbit population (Elsworth et al, 2012) and in overcoming partial protection 60 conveyed by the benign RCV-A1 (Cox et al, 2013).…”
Section: Introduction: 41mentioning
confidence: 99%