Robust low frequency current ripple elimination algorithm for grid-connected fuel cell systems with power balancing technique

Kim, Jong-Soo; Choe, Gyu-Yeong; Kang, Hyun-Soo; Lee, Byoung-Kuk

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2010.10.023

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The presence of such a ripple is detrimental and damaging to a dc source made up of fuel cells. As pointed out in [2]- [8], the various disadvantages include: 1) significant wastage in fuel consumption [2], [3]; 2) oxygen starvation leading to reduced maximum power generation [4], [5]; 3) poor dynamic response [6]; 4) nuisance tripping at heavy load [7]; and 5) shortening of fuel cell's lifetime [4], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Low-Frequency Current Ripple in Fuel-Cell Inverter Systems Through Waveform Control

Zhu

Tan

Chen

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

169

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Fuel-cell power systems comprising single-phase dc/ac inverters draw low-frequency ac ripple currents at twice the output frequency from the fuel cell. Such a 100/120 Hz ripple current may create instability in the fuel-cell system, lower its efficiency, and shorten the lifetime of a fuel cell stack. This paper presents a waveform control method that can mitigate such a lowfrequency ripple current being drawn from the fuel cell while the fuel-cell system delivers ac power to the load through a differential inverter. This is possible because with the proposed solution, the pulsation component (cause of ac ripple current) of the output ac power will be supplied mainly by the two output capacitors of the differential inverter while the average dc output power is supplied by the fuel cell. Theoretical analysis, simulation, and experimental results are provided to explain the operation and showcase the performance of the approach. Results validate that the proposed solution can achieve significant mitigation of the current ripple as well as high-quality output voltage without extra hardware. Application of the solution is targeted at systems where current ripple mitigation is required, such as for the purpose of eliminating electrolytic capacitor in photovoltaic and LED systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Low-Frequency Current Ripple in Fuel-Cell Inverter Systems Through Waveform Control

Zhu

Tan

Chen

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

169

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“…Thus, activation losses at the cathode dominate over those of the anode. As the cathode impedance are merges, the effective fuel cell charge transfer resistance is assumed to be R ct(c) ≈R ct , as expressed in (8). ( 1 )…”

Section: B Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. It is expected that the low frequency ripple current will affect not only the fuel cell capacity, but also the fuel consumption and life span of the fuel cell [6]- [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristic analysis and modeling on PEMFC degradation associated with low frequency ripple current effects

Kim

Jang

Cho

et al. 2011

2011 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition

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This work deals with a diagnosis of cathode flooding and membrane drying associated with a low frequency ripple current of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) based in impedance measurement on single cells. Through direct measurement of the impedance curve of a single cell obtained after cycling for hours at variable frequencies, it has been found that impedance magnitude of a fuel cell injecting a low frequency ripple current increased when compared with those injecting a high frequency ripple current. The study develops these investigations one step further by showing impedance measurement on single cells during operation in flooding and drying modes concerning a low frequency ripple current. In particular, it is shown that a low frequency ripple current more accelerates the PEMFC degradation associated with two PEMFC failures.

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“…During the charging mode of a battery, an external voltage with large ripples could lead to an immoderate chemical reaction. During the discharging mode, ripple currents drawn from a fuel cell can deteriorate the system efficiency significantly and even make it unstable [1], [5], [6]. Generally, the current ripple should be less than 10% of the rated current for batteries [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of DC-bus voltage ripples and capacitors for single-phase PWM-controlled rectifiers

Zhong

Ming

Cao

et al. 2012

IECON 2012 - 38th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

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The problem of voltage/current ripples is a primary concern for DC systems, e.g. those with fuel cells and batteries.It could seriously deteriorate the system performance on both the source side and the load side. In this paper, a single-phase PWM-controlled rectifier is taken as an example to analyse the ripple energy that causes the voltage ripples on the DC bus. Moreover, a ripple-current compensator is proposed to absorb/inject ripple energy from/to the DC bus so that the voltage ripples are reduced actively. The compensator is a boostlbuck converter with an auxiliary capacitor having a voltage higher than the DC-bus voltage. A repetitive controller is then proposed to compensate the ripple energy on the DC bus instantaneously, with a fixed switching frequency. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed strategy is able to reduce the voltage ripples on the DC bus considerably. As a result, the DC bus capacitor can be reduced significantly in order to achieve the same level of voltage ripples.

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Robust low frequency current ripple elimination algorithm for grid-connected fuel cell systems with power balancing technique

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Mitigation of Low-Frequency Current Ripple in Fuel-Cell Inverter Systems Through Waveform Control

Mitigation of Low-Frequency Current Ripple in Fuel-Cell Inverter Systems Through Waveform Control

Characteristic analysis and modeling on PEMFC degradation associated with low frequency ripple current effects

Reduction of DC-bus voltage ripples and capacitors for single-phase PWM-controlled rectifiers

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