“…Although details differ across studies, most of them share a common set of outcomes and managerial insights, such as joint optimization of SC capacities and recovery capabilities for new and existing SCs; trade-offs between investments in increased recovery capability and redundant capacity provision; decision-making support on safety stock management, reconfiguration of production and inventory plans after disruptions, and recovery scheduling ( Ivanov et al, 2015 ; Sinha et al, 2020 ; Goldbeck et al, 2020). As the most desirable outcome, process level analysis seeks to identify and test resilient SC designs to sustain disruptions, which range from optimistic and pessimistic scenarios ( Ivanov et al, 2014a ), probability-based disruptions ( Pariazar et al, 2017 ) to worst-case scenarios in robust optimization ( Zhao and Freeman, 2019 ; Özçelik et al, 2020 ). In some settings, the authors solve inverse problems and search for the elements in SC structures that should be strengthened to withstand disruption propagation ( Liberatore et al, 2012 ; Pavlov et al, 2013).…”