Robust poly(alkyl–fluorene isatin) proton exchange membranes grafted with pendant sulfonate groups for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Xu, Fei; Chen, Yanbo; Li, Jing; Han, Yuyang; Lin, Bencai; Ding, Jianning

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121045

Cited by 32 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The PEM working under moderate temperatures (<80 °C) has achieved great progress in the past decades. Perfluorosulfonic acid resin, especially Nafion, demonstrated excellent proton conductivity and was widely used in PEMFCs for vehicles and portable devices. − However, it also faces some issues, such as low electrode kinetics, complex water and heat management, and CO poisoning. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Crystalline Porous Frameworks for Intermediate-Temperature Proton Conduction

et al. 2023

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Proton exchange membranes (PEMs), especially for work under intermediate temperatures (100–200 °C), have attracted great interest because of the high CO toleration and facial water management of the corresponding proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Traditional polymer PEMs faced challenges of low stability and proton carrier leaking. Crystalline porous materials, such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), are promising to overcome these issues contributed by nanometer-sized channels. Herein we summarized the recent development of MOF/COF-based intermediate-temperature proton conductors. The strategies of framework engineering and pore impregnation were introduced in detail for raising proton conductivity. The proton-conducting mechanism was described as well. This spotlight will provide new insight into the fabrication of MOF/COF proton conductors under intermediate-temperature and anhydrous conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Crystalline Porous Frameworks for Intermediate-Temperature Proton Conduction

et al. 2023

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“…This enabled the production of PEMs with different degrees of sulfonation (Figure 11E). To assess the stability of SPx membranes, they were immersed in Fenton's reagent (3% H 2 O 2 , 2 ppm Fe 2+ ) at 80 C. Remarkably, no mass decrease of these membranes was observed after 1 hour, and no changes were F I G U R E 1 1 General sulfonating methods of poly(arylene-alkane)s. 60,101,102,[109][110][111] detected in the NMR spectra until the membranes eventually broke after 24 h. The authors suggest that the absence of heteroatomic bonds in the SPx backbone contributes to its exceptional antioxidant stability. Moreover, the high IEC of these polymers contributes to their impressive proton conductivity.…”

Section: Sulfonated Poly(arylene-alkane)based Pemsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Ding and colleagues synthesized sulfonated poly (arylene-alkane) (MFxDPy-PS and HFxDPy-PS) through the ring-opening reaction of 1.3-propanesulfonic acid (Figure 11B). 110 The presence of a fluorene ring and isatin in the backbone makes the polymer highly hydrophobic. At 80 C, these polymer membranes exhibited an area swelling of less than 20%.…”

Section: Sulfonated Poly(arylene-alkane)based Pemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All‐carbon backbone aromatic polymers for proton exchange membranes

Li,

Chai,

Liu

et al. 2023

Journal of Polymer Science

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Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) play a crucial role in energy storage and conversion technologies such as fuel cells, redox flow batteries, and water electrolysis. Currently, perfluorosulfonic acid polymer (PFSA) membranes are the most commonly used PEM materials. However, PFSA membranes possess certain drawbacks, including the high dependence of proton conductivity on humidity, low glass transition temperatures, and complex synthesis processes. In recent decades, significant efforts have been dedicated to developing various alternative PEM materials, such as the sulfonated products of polyether ether ketone, poly(phenylene oxide), polysulfone, and polyimide. However, the backbones of these polymers often contain heteroatoms that are prone to breaking under practical working conditions, leading to reduced chemical stability. In contrast, all‐carbon backbone aromatic polymers exhibit excellent chemical stability, thermal stability, and mechanical properties, as well as high proton conductivity upon incorporating suitable acidic groups, which makes them promising alternatives for PEM materials. This review aims to summarize the recent research progress about all‐carbon backbone aromatic polymers, with a specific focus on synthesis strategies, structure–performance relationships, and applications in PEMs.

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“…Second, the intermediate is protonated to form a second carbocation, which reacts with a second aromatic monomer to achieve polymerization. [102,103] Advantageously, superacid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts polycondensation reactions produce high molecular weights and are highly efficient, oxygen insensitive, metal free, and applicable to a broad range of reactants, including many arenes, ketones, and aldehydes. Depending on the choice of carbonyl-containing electrophilic monomer and phenyl monomer, a wide variety of polyaromatics with different structures can be constructed as AEMs for AEMFC applications.…”

Section: Strategies For Polymer Backbonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Challenges on the Alkaline Stability of Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Xu,

Li,

Ding

et al. 2023

ChemElectroChem

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Anion exchange membranes (AEMs), which consist of positively charged groups, not only allow the directional transport of OH− but can also separate anode and cathode reactions. Over the past decades, significant progress has been made in the preparation of high‐performance polymer electrolyte membranes with high conductivity, good mechanical properties, and satisfactory dimensional stability. However, the wide application of AEMs remains limited by various factors, especially alkaline stability, thereby hindering the development of fuel cells. This minireview provides an overview of recent strategies for improving the alkaline stability of AEMs. The influence of various polymer molecular structures on alkaline stability is discussed in detail. These insights into key factors affecting alkaline stability can act as guidelines for the design of novel AEMs with enhanced performance.

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Robust poly(alkyl–fluorene isatin) proton exchange membranes grafted with pendant sulfonate groups for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

Recent Progress of Crystalline Porous Frameworks for Intermediate-Temperature Proton Conduction

Recent Progress of Crystalline Porous Frameworks for Intermediate-Temperature Proton Conduction

All‐carbon backbone aromatic polymers for proton exchange membranes

Current Challenges on the Alkaline Stability of Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

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