Robust reconfigurable electromagnetic pathways within a photonic topological insulator

Cheng, Xiaojun; Jouvaud, Camille; Ni, Xiang; Mousavi, S. Hossein; Genack, Azriel Z.; Khanikaev, Alexander B.

doi:10.1038/nmat4573

Cited by 553 publications

(410 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In the large Rashba SOC limit, this description was found to converge towards an extended Haldane model [14]. Another field, which has considerably grown these last years, is the emulation of such topological insulators with different types of particles, such as fermions (either charged, as electrons in nanocrystals [17,18], or neutral, such as fermionic atoms in optical lattices [19,20]) and bosons (atoms, photons, or mixed light-matter quasiparticles) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The main advantage of artificial analogs is the possibility to tune the parameters [30], to obtain inaccessible regimes, and to measure quantities out of reach in the original systems.…”

Section: Pacs Numbersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Photonic versus electronic quantum anomalous Hall effect

Bleu¹,

Solnyshkov²,

Malpuech³

2017

Phys. Rev. B

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We derive the diagram of the topological phases accessible within a generic Hamiltonian describing quantum anomalous Hall effect for photons and electrons in honeycomb lattices in presence of a Zeeman field and Spin-Orbit Coupling (SOC). The two cases differ crucially by the winding number of their SOC, which is 1 for the Rashba SOC of electrons, and 2 for the photon SOC induced by the energy splitting between the TE and TM modes. As a consequence, the two models exhibit opposite Chern numbers ±2 at low field. Moreover, the photonic system shows a topological transition absent in the electronic case. If the photonic states are mixed with excitonic resonances to form interacting exciton-polaritons, the effective Zeeman field can be induced and controlled by a circularly polarized pump. This new feature allows an all-optical control of the topological phase transitions. PACS numbers:The discovery of the quantum Hall effect [1] and its explanation in terms of topology [2,3] have refreshed the interest to the band theory in condensed matter physics leading to the definition of a new class of insulators [4,5]. They include quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) phase [6] with broken time reversal (TR) symmetry [7][8][9] (also called Chern or Z insulators) and Quantum Spin Hall (QSH or Z 2 ) Topological Insulators with conserved TR symmetry [10][11][12]. The QSH effect was initially predicted to occur in honeycomb lattices because of the intrinsic Spin-Orbit Coupling (SOC) of the atoms forming the lattice, whereas the extrinsic Rashba SOC is detrimental for QSH [11]. On the other hand, the classical anomalous Hall effect is now known to arise from a combination of extrinsic Rashba SOC and of an effective Zeeman field [13]. In a 2D lattice with Dirac cones it leads to the formation of a QAH phase, for which the intrinsic SOC is detrimental [14][15][16]. In the large Rashba SOC limit, this description was found to converge towards an extended Haldane model [14]. Another field, which has considerably grown these last years, is the emulation of such topological insulators with different types of particles, such as fermions (either charged, as electrons in nanocrystals [17,18], or neutral, such as fermionic atoms in optical lattices [19,20]) and bosons (atoms, photons, or mixed light-matter quasiparticles) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The main advantage of artificial analogs is the possibility to tune the parameters [30], to obtain inaccessible regimes, and to measure quantities out of reach in the original systems. These analogs also call for their own applications, beyond those of the originals. Photonic systems have indeed allowed the first demonstration the QAHE [31,32], later implemented in electronic [33] and atomic systems [34]. They have allowed the realization of topological bands with high Chern numbers (C n ) [35], making possible to work with superpositions of chiral edge states. From an applied point of view, they open the way to non-reciprocal photonic transport, highly desirable to implement logical photonic ...

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Section: Pacs Numbersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Photonic versus electronic quantum anomalous Hall effect

Bleu¹,

Solnyshkov²,

Malpuech³

2017

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Moreover, the significant field enhancement and the available air channel at the interface-line can potentially offer simple implementation for micro-plasma and vacuumbased electronic devices [47]. Furthermore, the adopted effective-medium approach allows for forming LWs with reconfigurable pathways [48,40]. The associated tuning capability and the field singularity may also pave the way to nonlinear photonic structures for switching and modulation applications [49].…”

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confidence: 99%

Guiding Waves Along an Infinitesimal Line between Impedance Surfaces

Bisharat

Sievenpiper

2017

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…In recent years, there has been an increased interest in topological aspects of optical phenomena, including topological order in photonic structures (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15), optical vortices (16)(17)(18), and other robust phenomena in optics [for example, optical bound states in the continuum (19)(20)(21)]. Shaping the topology of a beam of light can enable unique abilities of light to manipulate matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topologically Enabled Optical Nanomotors

Ilic¹,

Kaminer²,

Zhen³

et al. 2017

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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Shaping the topology of light, by way of spin or orbital angular momentum engineering, is a powerful tool to manipulate matter on the nanoscale. Conventionally, such methods focus on shaping the incident beam of light and not the full interaction between the light and the object to be manipulated. We theoretically show that tailoring the topology of the phase space of the light particle interaction is a fundamentally more versatile approach, enabling dynamics that may not be achievable by shaping of the light alone. In this manner, we find that optically asymmetric (Janus) particles can become stable nanoscale motors even in a light field with zero angular momentum. These precessing steady states arise from topologically protected anticrossing behavior of the vortices of the optical torque vector field. Furthermore, by varying the wavelength of the incident light, we can control the number, orientations, and the stability of the spinning states. These results show that the combination of phase-space topology and particle asymmetry can provide a powerful degree of freedom in designing nanoparticles for optimal external manipulation in a range of nano-optomechanical applications.

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Robust reconfigurable electromagnetic pathways within a photonic topological insulator

Cited by 553 publications

References 49 publications

Photonic versus electronic quantum anomalous Hall effect

Photonic versus electronic quantum anomalous Hall effect

Guiding Waves Along an Infinitesimal Line between Impedance Surfaces

Topologically Enabled Optical Nanomotors

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