Robust SARS-COV-2-specific T-cell immune memory persists long-term in immunocompetent individuals post BNT162b2 double shot

Παπαδοπούλου, Αναστασία; Stavridou, Fani; Giannaki, Maria; Paschoudi, Kiriaki; Chatzopoulou, Fani; Gavriilaki, Eleni; Georgolopoulos, Grigorios; Anagnostopoulos, Achilles; Yannaki, Evangelia

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09863

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This correlation appears controversial in literature ( 13 , 35 ). Some studies have evaluated T-cell and humoral responses after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine despite being mainly focused on recently vaccinated individuals or shorter follow up ( 13 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 41 – 44 ), different age categories ( 40 ), and smaller populations ( 13 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 42 , 43 , 45 , 46 ). Of note, in our study, the two branches did not correlate at any time point considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal analysis of humoral, T cellular response and influencing factors in a cohort of healthcare workers: Implications for personalized SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations elicit both virus-specific humoral and T-cell responses, but a complex interplay of different influencing factors, such as natural immunity, gender, and age, guarantees host protection. The present study aims to assess the immune dynamics of humoral, T-cell response, and influencing factors to stratify individual immunization status up to 10 months after Comirnaty-vaccine administration.MethodsTo this aim, we longitudinally evaluated the magnitude and kinetics of both humoral and T-cell responses by serological tests and enzyme-linked immunospot assay at 5 time points. Furthermore, we compared the course over time of the two branches of adaptive immunity to establish an eventual correlation between adaptive responses. Lastly, we evaluated putative influencing factors collected by an anonymized survey administered to all participants through multiparametric analysis. Among 984 healthcare workers evaluated for humoral immunity, 107 individuals were further analyzed to describe SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses. Participants were divided into 4 age groups: <40 and ≥40 years for men, <48 and ≥48 years for women. Furthermore, results were segregated according to SARS-CoV-2-specific serostatus at baseline.ResultsThe disaggregated evaluation of humoral responses highlighted antibody levels decreased in older subjects. The humoral responses were higher in females than in males (p=0.002) and previously virus-exposed subjects compared to naïve subjects (p<0.001). The vaccination induced a robust SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell response at early time points in seronegative subjects compared to baseline levels (p<0.0001). However, a contraction was observed 6 months after vaccination in this group (p<0.01). On the other hand, the pre-existing specific T-cell response detected in natural seropositive individuals was longer-lasting than the response of the seronegative subjects, decreasing only 10 months after vaccination. Our data suggest that T-cell reactiveness is poorly impacted by sex and age. Of note, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell response was not correlated to the humoral response at any time point.DiscussionThese findings suggest prospects for rescheduling vaccination strategies by considering individual immunization status, personal characteristics, and the appropriate laboratory tests to portray immunity against SARS-CoV-2 accurately. Deepening our knowledge about T and B cell dynamics might optimize the decision-making process in vaccination campaigns, tailoring it to each specific immune response.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal analysis of humoral, T cellular response and influencing factors in a cohort of healthcare workers: Implications for personalized SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These cells exhibit higher antibody avidity and secretion rates compared to their short-lived counterparts generated primarily through extrafollicular reactions. Vaccination also induces memory T cells, as observed with numerous COVID-19 vaccines [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Reactivated memory T cells are able to kill infected cells, thus preventing viral multiplication and spread.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Trajectory of Spike-Specific B Cells Elicited by Two Doses of BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine

Ciabattini

Pastore

Lucchesi

et al. 2023

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 have demonstrated efficacy and immunogenicity in the real-world setting. However, most of the research on vaccine immunogenicity has been centered on characterizing the antibody response, with limited exploration into the persistence of spike-specific memory B cells. Here we monitored the durability of the memory B cell response up to 9 months post-vaccination, and characterized the trajectory of spike-specific B cell phenotypes in healthy individuals who received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. To profile the spike-specific B cell response, we applied the tSNE and Cytotree automated approaches. Spike-specific IgA+ and IgG+ plasmablasts and IgA+ activated cells were observed 7 days after the second dose and disappeared 3 months later, while subsets of spike-specific IgG+ resting memory B cells became predominant 9 months after vaccination, and they were capable of differentiating into spike-specific IgG secreting cells when restimulated in vitro. Other subsets of spike-specific B cells, such as IgM+ or unswitched IgM+IgD+ or IgG+ double negative/atypical cells, were also elicited by the BNT162b2 vaccine and persisted up to month 9. The analysis of circulating spike-specific IgG, IgA, and IgM was in line with the plasmablasts observed. The longitudinal analysis of the antigen-specific B cell response elicited by mRNA-based vaccines provides valuable insights into our understanding of the immunogenicity of this novel vaccine platform destined for future widespread use, and it can help in guiding future decisions and vaccination schedules.

show abstract

“…Vaccines are able to confer immunity by targeting not only the humoral but also the cellular branch of the immune system [34,35]. There is mounting evidence that T-cell response is elicited both in naturally infected patients and vaccinated individuals and can provide long-term protection [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Nevertheless, the trajectory of long-term antigenspecific T-cell response following mRNA vaccination remains incompletely investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral and Cellular Response and Associated Variables Nine Months following BNT162b2 Vaccination in Healthcare Workers

Syrimi

Sourri

Giannakopoulou

et al. 2023

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, we aimed to illustrate the trajectory of humoral and cellular immunity nine months after primary vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine among 189 healthcare workers (HCWs). Additionally, we endeavored to identify correlations between immunity parameters and a number of common variables and comorbidities. A total of 189 healthcare workers (HCWs), vaccinated against COVID-19, were finally included in the study. All of the subjects had received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine; had undergone antibody tests one, four and nine months post-vaccination; and had completed a medical questionnaire. Further samples taken at nine months were tested for cellular immunity. No participants had evidence of COVID-19 infection pre- or post-vaccination. An anti-S1 receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody assay was used to assess humoral response, and cellular immunity was estimated with an INF-γ release assay (IGRA). Statistical analysis was performed using STATA. We report a statistically significant antibody drop over time. Being above the age of 40 or a smoker reduces the rise of antibodies by 37% and 28%, respectively. More than half of the participants did not demonstrate T-cell activation at nine months. Female gender and antibody levels at four months predispose detection of cellular immunity at nine months post-immunization. This study furthers the qualitative, quantitative, and temporal understanding of the immune response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and the effect of correlated factors.

show abstract

Robust SARS-COV-2-specific T-cell immune memory persists long-term in immunocompetent individuals post BNT162b2 double shot

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

A longitudinal analysis of humoral, T cellular response and influencing factors in a cohort of healthcare workers: Implications for personalized SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies

A longitudinal analysis of humoral, T cellular response and influencing factors in a cohort of healthcare workers: Implications for personalized SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies

Trajectory of Spike-Specific B Cells Elicited by Two Doses of BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine

Humoral and Cellular Response and Associated Variables Nine Months following BNT162b2 Vaccination in Healthcare Workers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About