Robust Satellite Navigation by Means of a Spherical Cap Conformal Antenna Array

Yinusa, Kazeem A.; Marcos, Emilio Perez; Caizzone, Stefano

doi:10.1109/antem.2018.8572873

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Only beams that are generated from spherical antenna arrays can provide constant beam crosssection that is independent on the mainlobe direction if the antenna elements are uniformly spaced. However, spherical arrays suffer from high backlobe radiation and practical antenna elements have no complete isotropic radiation pattern that means it cannot be implemented effectively in a complete spherical array for beamforming in all directions and hemispherical cap arrays are used instead [14,15]. However, the structure of hemispherical cap arrays provides limited beamforming angular range and still suffer from pattern deterioration for the beams generated toward array edge.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direction-independent and self-reconfigurable spherical-cap antenna array beamforming technique for massive 3D MIMO systems

Albagory

2020

Wireless Netw

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Massive 3D MIMO beamforming is very important for 5G and beyond networks to improve the system performance and capacity. However, 3D beamforming capabilities are limited by the antenna array configuration. Therefore, in this paper, an efficient self-reconfigurable spherical-cap antenna array and 3D beamforming technique are proposed to provide direction-independent symmetrical beam patterns with low sidelobe and backlobe levels. The symmetric beam generation is achieved by forming electronically steerable spherical-cap array which is extracted from a uniform spherical antenna array and is continuously reconfigured so that its axis of symmetry is maintained the same as the mainlobe direction. On the other hand, the antenna elements in the spherical-cap array are further processed to minimize the sidelobe and backlobe levels by using an optimized exponential decaying feeding profile in the form of e Àa q ð Þ b. Assuming isotropic antenna elements with negligible mutual coupling, the generated beam power patterns are examined where simulation results show that a sidelobe level of -30 dB and backlobe level of less than -16 dB relative to the mainlobe level can be achieved. Also, the variation in the 3 dB beamwidth with the mainlobe direction has been examined for 10,000 uniformly random generated mainlobe directions at different array sizes where it is found that the beamwidth is almost constant with less than 1% variation especially for large sized arrays.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional spherical-cap antenna arrays [14,15] have fixed configuration which provide minimum beamwidth at a mainlobe direction (0°, 0°). The array power pattern will be distorted at any other mainlobe directions especially at h o ¼ 90 due to the decreased array projection area.…”

Section: Fixed Versus Reconfigurable Spherical-cap Array Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Direction-independent and self-reconfigurable spherical-cap antenna array beamforming technique for massive 3D MIMO systems

Albagory

2020

Wireless Netw

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“…The antenna array can vary in topology with the most used ones being: Uniform Linear Array (ULA), Uniform Rectangular Array (URA) and Uniform Circular Array (UCA). In addition, other conformal topologies are appearing to adapt the array to different surfaces and applications [47]. The use of antenna arrays enables spatial diversity capabilities.…”

Section: B Adaptive Antenna Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last years, a tendency towards software defined radio GNSS receivers has put aside the analogue components; however, for interference mitigation it is crucial to consider all the components and take the right design steps. The antenna array [47], [48] and frontend [49], [50] play a fundamental role in the performance of many array techniques, not only interference mitigation, but also others e.g. direction of arrival estimation.…”

Section: B Adaptive Antenna Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

On GNSS Jamming Threat from the Maritime Navigation Perspective

Medina

Lass

Marcos

et al. 2019

2019 22th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)

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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) play a fundamental part on the maritime navigation. Beyond positioning, GNSS is key for the operation of multiple interfaces on the bridge of a ship, compromising the skipper skills to perform traditional navigation. Jamming attacks have been recognized as a major vulnerability for GNSS and their proliferation have raised concerns, given the implication of GNSS into several safety-critical applications. This work provides an overview on the jamming threat and the main countermeasures techniques, especially in the fields of robust signal processing, adaptive antenna arrays and multi sensor fusion. Moreover, the effects of a Personal Privacy Device (PPD) on positioning based on conventional methods using GPS L1 is addressed. The experimentation is conducted on the Baltic Sea, where a civilian maritime jamming testbed was allocated, as result of the cooperation of DLR with the German Federal Network Agency.

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“…Knowledge about the GNSS performance and reception characteristics during flight would be extremely valuable and would help in analyzing the response of GNSS systems to eventual jamming events, even without flying, with clear benefits in terms of finance and effort. Multiantenna systems are known to be powerful countermeasures and have been vastly investigated in the latest years [9][10][11][12][13]. The authors have also proposed miniaturized antennas, capable of fitting into avionic footprints for single antenna elements, for optimal compliance with legacy systems [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Validation of In-Flight GNSS Signal Reception during Jamming for Aeronautics Applications

Tripathi,

Caizzone

2024

Aerospace

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Accurate navigation is a crucial asset for safe aviation operation. The GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is set to play an always more important role in aviation but needs to cope with the risk of interference, possibly causing signal disruption and loss of navigation capability. It is crucial, therefore, to evaluate the impact of interference events on the GNSS system on board an aircraft, in order to plan countermeasures. This is currently obtained through expensive and time-consuming flight measurement campaigns. This paper shows on the other hand, a method developed to create a virtual digital twin, capable of reconstructing the entire flight scenario (including flight dynamics, actual antenna, and impact of installation on aircraft) and predicting the signal and interference reception at airborne level, with clear benefits in terms of reproducibility and easiness. Through simulations that incorporate jamming scenarios or any other interference scenarios, the effectiveness of the aircraft’s satellite navigation capability in the real environment can be evaluated, providing valuable insights for informed decision-making and system enhancement. By extension, the method shown can provide the ability to predict real-life outcomes even without the need for actual flight, enabling the analysis of different antenna-aircraft configurations in a specific interference scenario.

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Robust Satellite Navigation by Means of a Spherical Cap Conformal Antenna Array

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Direction-independent and self-reconfigurable spherical-cap antenna array beamforming technique for massive 3D MIMO systems

Direction-independent and self-reconfigurable spherical-cap antenna array beamforming technique for massive 3D MIMO systems

On GNSS Jamming Threat from the Maritime Navigation Perspective

Virtual Validation of In-Flight GNSS Signal Reception during Jamming for Aeronautics Applications

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