Robust Sensorimotor Learning during Variable Sentence-Level Speech

Lametti, Daniel R.; Smith, Harriet J; Watkins, Kate E.; Shiller, Douglas M.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.030

Cited by 38 publications

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“…Since the first application of the sensorimotor adaptation paradigm to speech, a number of adaptation studies have supported the original findings for formant perturbations (e.g., Purcell and Munhall, 2006;Villacorta et al, 2007) as well as several additional acoustic manipulations, including shifting the center of spectral energy of fricatives (Shiller et al, 2007(Shiller et al, , 2009 and perturbing fundamental frequency (f o , the acoustic correlate of pitch) during sustained phonation (Jones and Munhall, 2000;Hawco and Jones, 2010). The findings have also been generalized to perturbations of pitch and formant frequencies in Mandarin, a tonal language Munhall, 2002, 2005;Cai et al, 2010), and to sentence-level stimuli with formants of multiple vowels perturbed within an utterance (Lametti et al, 2018). Keough et al (2013) demonstrated that the presence or absence of specific instructions to attend to the acoustic manipulations does not affect adaptation suggesting that adaptation is under automatic rather than conscious control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A Simple 3-Parameter Model for Examining Adaptation in Speech and Voice Production

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A Simple 3-Parameter Model for Examining Adaptation in Speech and Voice Production

et al. 2020

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“…Since the late 90s, an experimental model akin to visuomotor adaptation has been used to study sensorimotor adaptation in speech. Participants produce words or complete sentences into a microphone while the sound of their voice is played back to them in real-time through headphones (Houde & Jordan, 1998, 2002Lametti, Smith, Watkins, & Shiller, 2018). Using speech processing software/hardware, the spectral properties that define vowel sounds (known as formants) are altered and played back to participants with an unnoticeable delay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perils of learning to move while speaking: One-sided interference between speech and visuomotor adaptation

et al. 2020

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Our understanding of the adaptive processes that shape sensorimotor behaviour is largely derived from studying isolated movements. Studies of visuomotor adaptation, in which participants adapt cursor movements to rotations of the cursor's screen position, have led to prominent theories of motor control. In response to changes in visual feedback of movements, explicit (cognitive) and implicit (automatic) learning processes adapt movements to counter errors. However, movements rarely occur in isolation. The extent to which explicit and implicit processes drive sensorimotor adaptation when multiple movements occur simultaneously, as in the real world, remains unclear. Here, we address this problem in the context of speech and hand movements. Participants spoke in-time with rapid, hand-driven cursor movements. Using realtime auditory alterations of speech feedback, and visual rotations of the cursor's screen position, we induced sensorimotor adaptation in one or both movements simultaneously. Across three experiments (n = 184), we demonstrate that visuomotor adaptation is markedly impaired by simultaneous speech adaptation, and the impairment is specific to the explicit learning process. In contrast, visuomotor adaptation had no impact on speech adaptation. The results demonstrate that the explicit learning process in visuomotor adaptation is sensitive to movements in other motor domains. They suggest that speech adaptation may lack an explicit learning process.

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“…Internal models need to be updated and trained to adapt for changes in the environment or in our bodies that affect speech perception and production—for example, when imitating the accent of an interlocutor or coping with the changes in shape of the vocal tract during adolescence. It is possible to explore these models experimentally by manipulating sensory feedback in real-time and measuring the ways in which speakers adapt their speech production (Houde & Jordan 1998; MacDonald et al, 2011; Lametti et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered auditory feedback induces coupled changes in formant frequencies during speech production

D-L.

Lametti

Watkins

2019

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Speaking is one of the most complicated motor behaviours, involving a large number of articulatory muscles which can move independently to command precise changes in speech acoustics. Here, we used real-time manipulations of speech feedback to test whether the acoustics of speech production (e.g. the formants) reflect independently controlled articulatory movements or combinations of movements. During repetitive productions of “head, bed, dead”, either the first (F1) or the second formant (F2) of vowels was shifted and fed back to participants. We then examined whether changes in production in response to these alterations occurred for only the perturbed formant or both formants. In Experiment 1, our results showed that participants who received increased F1 feedback significantly decreased their F1 productions in compensation, but also significantly increased the frequency of their F2 productions. The combined F1-F2 change moved the utterances closer to a known pattern of speech production (i.e. the vowel category “hid, bid, did”). In Experiment 2, we further showed that a downshift in frequency of F2 feedback also induced significant compensatory changes in both the perturbed (F2) and the unperturbed formant (F1) that were in opposite directions. Taken together, the results demonstrate that a shift in auditory feedback of a single formant drives combined changes in related formants. The results suggest that, although formants can be controlled independently, the speech motor system may favour a strategy in which changes in formant production are coupled to maintain speech production within specific regions of the vowel space corresponding to existing speech-sound categories.New & NoteworthyFindings from previous studies examining responses to altered auditory feedback are inconsistent with respect to the changes speakers make to their production. Speakers can compensate by specifically altering their production to offset the acoustic error in feedback. Alternatively, they may compensate by changing their speech production more globally to produce a speech sound closer to an existing category in their repertoire. Our study shows support for the latter strategy.

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Robust Sensorimotor Learning during Variable Sentence-Level Speech

Cited by 38 publications

References 46 publications

A Simple 3-Parameter Model for Examining Adaptation in Speech and Voice Production

A Simple 3-Parameter Model for Examining Adaptation in Speech and Voice Production

The perils of learning to move while speaking: One-sided interference between speech and visuomotor adaptation

Altered auditory feedback induces coupled changes in formant frequencies during speech production

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