“…From the nonlinear equations with five state variables: đť‘– 𝑆𝛼 , đť‘– 𝑆𝛽 , đťś“ 𝑅𝛼 , đťś“ đť‘…đť›˝ , đťś” 0 [26], [27], to be able to use the EKF recursively, They need to be transformed from the continuous state equations of the motor into a discrete form, and for each small cycle, these equations are considered linear. Then they are added into the system noise đť‘Š and the measured noise 𝑉, so the EKF algorithm shown below [14]- [16] can be applied.…”