Robustness of surfactant-laden latex films

Kwieciński, Wojciech; Klaassen, Dennis; Smit, Christian; Linden, Marjolein N. van der; Zandvliet, Henricus J.W.; Kooij, Ernst S.

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2021.106502

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In general, film formation involves (1) the evaporation of water, followed by (2) the closed packing and deformation of latex particles, and (3) the formation of a transparent film by interdiffusion of polymer chains, as illustrated in Scheme . − The evaporation of water leads to the close packing of the particles, followed by the deformation of the particles owing to a combination of capillary, osmotic, and surface forces. This typically occurs above the minimum film formation temperature (MFFT) . Finally, a transparent film with excellent mechanical properties can be formed through the interdiffusion and entanglement of polymer chains across grain boundaries.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This typically occurs above the minimum film formation temperature (MFFT). 43 Finally, a transparent film with excellent mechanical properties can be formed through the interdiffusion and entanglement of polymer chains across grain boundaries. MFFT-Bar (ASTM D2354) is widely used for MFFT measurement; however, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to visualize the change in particle morphology according to temperature.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Latex Prepolymermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of Eco-Friendly Self-Healing Polymers Containing Hindered Urea-Based Dynamic Reversible Bonds

Ahmed

Bae

Jeong

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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This work describes an emulsion polymer with self-healing capability based on a dynamic covalent bonding mechanism. A latex prepolymer (LPtB) containing bulky amine units was synthesized via soap-free emulsion polymerization. Then, a one-pot crosslinkable self-healing emulsion polymer was prepared by adding a blocked isocyanurate and a catalyst into the latex prepolymer, and subsequently, a crosslinked self-healing polymer film (cLPtB) was prepared. Syntheses of self-healing polymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared, size exclusion chromatography, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. A control latex prepolymer (LPH) was also synthesized without bulky amine functionality, and the self-healing properties of crosslinked LPH (cLPH) were compared to those of cLPtB under the same crosslinking and healing conditions. In addition, the effects of drying and crosslinking conditions at various temperatures on the film formation and crosslinking degree of polymer films were evaluated through atomic force microscopy and gel content analysis. cLPtB demonstrated a T g,DMA of 47 °C and onset dissociation of urea linkages at 120 °C, as confirmed by DMA. The cLPtB films exhibited complete restoration of mechanical properties after cutting and healing at a film formation temperature of 80 °C; they exhibited a self-healing efficiency (σSHE%) of 100%. The cLPtB coating surface also manifested a rapid healing process with 100% wound suturing at 100 °C for 5 min, as recorded by optical microscopy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterization Of the Latex Prepolymermentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Eco-Friendly Self-Healing Polymers Containing Hindered Urea-Based Dynamic Reversible Bonds

Ahmed

Bae

Jeong

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Deformation Behavior of Microparticle-Based Polymer Films Visualized by AFM Equipped with a Stretching Device

Nishizawa,

Uchida,

Watanabe

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Understanding the structural changes and property alterations at the nanoscale and microscopic levels is critical to clarifying the deformation behavior and mechanical properties of polymer materials. Especially, in latex films composed of polymer nanoparticles, it is widely accepted that the remaining interfaces between microparticles in the film affect their brittleness. However, detailed information on nanoscale changes of latex films during deformation remains unclear due to technical difficulties in analyzing the microstructures under mechanical stress. In this study, we employed atomic force microscopy equipped with a uniaxial stretching device to visualize the surface structures of films composed of slightly cross-linked microparticles under elongation strain. The observations revealed that the latex film deforms in a nonaffine manner, which is attributed to the concurrent deformation of individual microparticles and the pull-out of interpenetration between them. Furthermore, by introducing a load−strain measurement mechanism to the stretching device, we compared the relationships between nanostructural changes, local property changes, and macroscopic deformation of microparticle-based films. The results suggest that loads are dominated by the deformation of microparticles and dissipate as the interpenetration of surface polymer chains between microparticles is pulled out.

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Robustness of surfactant-laden latex films

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Design of Eco-Friendly Self-Healing Polymers Containing Hindered Urea-Based Dynamic Reversible Bonds

Design of Eco-Friendly Self-Healing Polymers Containing Hindered Urea-Based Dynamic Reversible Bonds

Deformation Behavior of Microparticle-Based Polymer Films Visualized by AFM Equipped with a Stretching Device

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