Robustness of the Fisher's discriminant function to skew-curved normal distribution

Sever, Maja; Lajovic, Jaro; Rajer, Borut

doi:10.51936/tsyr9449

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Moreover the normality test (Doornik and Hansen 2008) showed a slightly significant value (p=0,045), accounting for a slight departure from normality of the data. Hence the prerequisites to perform DFA were satisfied, since Sever et al (2005) showed the DFA to be highly robust to non-normal data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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VOCAL SIMILARITY AND DIFFERENCES IN FOUR SPECIES OF THE GENUSANTHUS: ACOUSTIC FEATURE ANALYSIS OF SOME COMMON CALLS

Dragonetti¹

2022

Preprint

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Similar flight call (tsip) of two closely related species (Anthus pratensis, Anthus spinoletta) showed species-specific characteristics, that allows to discriminate the two species only with acoustic means. Discriminant function analysis was able to correctly classify 98,4% of the recordings. Three acoustic parameters showed the highest power in the discrimination process: the frequency modulations of the call, the maximum frequency value and the minimum frequency value of the peak frequency contour. Using these three values I proposed a simple method for recognizing these two species, that allowed a correct classification of 96% of recordings. Three different call types (tsip, soft and alarm) of four species of the genus Anthus (A. pratensis, A. spinoletta, A. petrosus, A. cervinus) were also studied to investigate their acoustic similarity and difference. Alarm calls of the four species showed a very strong similarity, while the other two call types were more distinctive showing a much lower similarity, with soft call seeming to have a lower similarity between species and hence a higher distinctive power. These results supported the hypothesis that alarm call is similar, because it retains features of a common ancestor and may ease heterospecific communication, while the other two call types (tsip and soft) showed a decreasing similarity and more species-specific features. Integrative taxonomy is commonly used in phylogenetic studies and besides genetic and morphological information, acoustic data play a major role in taxonomic designation of birds. The song of passerines was extensively investigated in phylogenetic comparative studies, but the data reported in this paper suggest that also the comparisons of call repertoires in closely related species may be a useful tool for taxonomic studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence the prerequisites to perform DFA were satisfied, since Sever et al (2005) showed the DFA to be highly robust to non-normal data.…”

Section: Comparison Between Tsip Call Of a Pratensis Versus A Spinole...mentioning

confidence: 99%

VOCAL SIMILARITY AND DIFFERENCES IN FOUR SPECIES OF THE GENUSANTHUS: ACOUSTIC FEATURE ANALYSIS OF SOME COMMON CALLS

Dragonetti¹

2022

Preprint

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“…Discriminant analysis determined which of these variables best predicted membership in the straight or gay sample. Previous research found discriminant analysis to be robust when analyzing skewed data ( Sever, Lajovic, & Rajer, 2005 ). The overall χ 2 test was significant, Wilks λ = .734, χ 2 (18) = 70.13, R 2 = .516, p < .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Natural History of the Drag Queen Phenomenon

Moncrieff

Liénard

2017

Evol Psychol

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The drag queen cultural phenomenon has been described at length. However, the depiction of outlandish and hyperbolic womanhood and taunting and formidable behavior at the core of drag queens' public persona has still to be fully accounted for. We argue that these aspects of the drag queen's public appearance could best be understood in a signaling framework. Publicly donning extravagant woman's costumes attracts harassment and brings financial, mating, and opportunity costs, generating the conditions for the transmission of honest signals. By successfully withstanding those odds, drag queen impersonators signal strategic qualities to members of the gay community. Data collected among gay and straight participants support a costly signaling reading of the drag queen cultural phenomenon. Participants generally agree that successful drag queens typically incur costs, while gaining specific social benefits.

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“…The SGN has been previously used in the literature. In this sense, Sever et al [3] used this model in the context of discriminant analysis; Arnold et al [4] considered the bivariate case; later Gómez et al [5] examined the skew-curved-normal distribution, which is a subfamily of the SGN distribution. The singularity of the Fisher's information matrix was examined by Arellano-Valle et al [6]; in that paper it was concluded that for the SGN model with location and scale parameters, the Fisher information matrix is singular for the particular case when the normality is restored (λ 1 = 0).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Likelihood Based Inference and Bias Reduction in the Modified Skew-t-Normal Distribution

et al. 2023

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In this paper, likelihood-based inference and bias correction based on Firth’s approach are developed in the modified skew-t-normal (MStN) distribution. The latter model exhibits a greater flexibility than the modified skew-normal (MSN) distribution since it is able to model heavily skewed data and thick tails. In addition, the tails are controlled by the shape parameter and the degrees of freedom. We provide the density of this new distribution and present some of its more important properties including a general expression for the moments. The Fisher’s information matrix together with the observed matrix associated with the log-likelihood are also given. Furthermore, the non-singularity of the Fisher’s information matrix for the MStN model is demonstrated when the shape parameter is zero. As the MStN model presents an inferential problem in the shape parameter, Firth’s method for bias reduction was applied for the scalar case and for the location and scale case.

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Robustness of the Fisher's discriminant function to skew-curved normal distribution

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

VOCAL SIMILARITY AND DIFFERENCES IN FOUR SPECIES OF THE GENUSANTHUS: ACOUSTIC FEATURE ANALYSIS OF SOME COMMON CALLS

VOCAL SIMILARITY AND DIFFERENCES IN FOUR SPECIES OF THE GENUSANTHUS: ACOUSTIC FEATURE ANALYSIS OF SOME COMMON CALLS

A Natural History of the Drag Queen Phenomenon

Likelihood Based Inference and Bias Reduction in the Modified Skew-t-Normal Distribution

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