Robustness of trans-European gas networks

Abstract

Here, we uncover the load and fault-tolerant backbones of the trans-European gas pipeline network. Combining topological data with information on intercountry flows, we estimate the global load of the network and its tolerance to failures. To do this, we apply two complementary methods generalized from the betweenness centrality and the maximum flow. We find that the gas pipeline network has grown to satisfy a dual purpose. On one hand, the major pipelines are crossed by a large number of shortest paths thereby increasing the efficiency of the network; on the other hand, a nonoperational pipeline causes only a minimal impact on network capacity, implying that the network is error tolerant. These findings suggest that the trans-European gas pipeline network is robust, i.e., error tolerant to failures of high load links.

A network-based analysis of the impact of structural damage on urban accessibility following a disaster: the case of the seismically damaged Port Au Prince and Carrefour urban road networks

“…Going beyond the most common interpretations of networks within GIS systems, graph theory analysis has also been implemented in order to capture new information that is usually not manageable solely using a GIS. Our approach here is similar in spirit to prior investigations where a number of topological analyses were run on GIS platforms in order to perform analyses on electricity, gas, and road networks (Carvalho et al, 2009;Bono et al, 2010;Poljanšek et al, 2010), to investigate these networks' vulnerability or resilience to attacks, failures and natural hazards. In particular, the analysis of urban streets carried out by Bono et al (2010) where the roads were converted into directed or undirected dual mode graphs (Porta et al, 2006a(Porta et al, , 2006b, allows us to convert the practical aspects of real road networks (one-way roads, road class, length, etc), into graphs which can then be used to investigate their statistical and topological properties.…”

Resilience assessment of interdependent infrastructure systems: With a focus on joint restoration modeling and analysis

“…can then be recorded and computed. Second, identify gas system component failures directly from the hurricane event and indirectly due to power system outage and then employ the maximum network flow model [35,41] to estimate gas system performance, which is the maximum flow from the source nodes to the load nodes. Note that if there exist bi-directional interdependencies between two systems, the above two steps can be repeated to reach the steady states of both systems and then the steady-state system performance after the event can be computed.…”

Development of a Simulation Framework for Analyzing Security of Supply in Integrated Gas and Electric Power Systems

“…Such studies may include the cascading effects of contingencies where the performance of the networks is reduced [8,[42][43][44][45]. In [8], an integrated simulation model that aims at reflecting the dynamics of the systems in case of disruptions is proposed.…”