Rock-magnetic and color characteristics of archaeological samples from burnt clay from destructions and ceramics in relation to their firing temperature

Jordanova, Neli; Jordanova, Diana; Barrón, Vidal; Lesigyarski, Dejan; Kostadinova‐Avramova, Maria

doi:10.1007/s12520-019-00782-y

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Finally, the NRM of the samples was thermally demagnetized with a TD-48 SC (ASC Scientific) furnace in several steps of 20 or 40 o C, up to a maximum temperature varying from 560 to 640 o C at which all samples were completely demagnetized. After each heating-cooling step, the bulk magnetic susceptibility at room temperature was measured to detect possible magnetic mineralogy changes occurred during the laboratory heating and to obtain information about the equivalent maximum firing temperatures of the rings (Rasmussen et al 2012;Jordanova et al 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the use of ancient ceramic artefacts through combined morphological and magnetic analyses: the case of Villa del Foro, Northern Italy

Tema

Ferrara

Zamboni

et al. 2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Even though multidisciplinary approaches are widely used for the investigation of archaeological findings, magnetic analyses are still little exploited and only rarely applied to the determination of ancient artefacts use. Here, we present the results of a combined archaeological, morphological and 2 magnetic study carried out on the ring-shape clay artefacts found in large quantities at the protohistoric site of Villa del Foro (Alessandria, Northern Italy). The shape and significant number of such artefacts make their archaeometric investigation very interesting to understand the technological conditions of their production and use. A morphological investigation carried out on 640 fragments showed inhomogeneity in their dimensions, colour, form, and clay refinement.Magnetic measurements show thermal stability after heat treatment up to around 500-600 o C, while further heating at higher temperature introduces some magnetic mineralogy changes. Thermal demagnetization of the samples generally shows a strong and stable thermal remanent magnetization.In few cases, a clear secondary component is present, suggesting partial re-heating or displacement at temperatures ranging from 200 o C to 450 o C. The results obtained indicate that the investigated ring-shaped artefacts were baked during their manufacture at temperatures of at least 600 °C. The archaeomagnetic investigation does not show any systematic evidence for magnetic components related to cooking activities and it is therefore suggested that the rings were used as weight looms and baked only during their production procedures. Such pilot study can be used as reference for the identification and study of similar objects found in other archaeological sites worldwide.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the use of ancient ceramic artefacts through combined morphological and magnetic analyses: the case of Villa del Foro, Northern Italy

Tema

Ferrara

Zamboni

et al. 2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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“…Archaeologically, magnetic analysis has been utilized to understand the formation and preservation of a combustion event, which normally produce very fine-grained particles as well as maybe haematite and/or magnetite depending on the atmosphere and prevailing combustion conditions (oxidizing vs. reducing), among other factors. It has further been used to explore postdepositional disturbances that may enhance or remove such particles from a deposit (Bradák et al, 2020;Carrancho & Villalaín, 2011;Carrancho et al, 2009;Dearing, 1999;Dearing et al, 1996b;Herries, 2006;Jordanova et al, 2019). (Marean et al, 2007), stone tool heat treatment (Brown et al, 2009), microlithic technology (Brown et al, 2009(Brown et al, , 2012 and the influence of the Toba supervolcano on African hunter-gatherers (Smith et al, 2018).…”

Section: Background To Magnetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factors that enhance the anthropogenic magnetic signature include the source of the burnt sediment, with greater enhancement occurring in deposits derived from magnetically weaker rock strata, as well as the temperature of combustion along with the longevity of the process. Furthermore, the amount of oxygen and organic material available while heating will also have an effect (Herrejón Lagunilla et al, 2019; Herries, 2006; Herries & Fisher, 2010; Jordanova et al, 2019). The frequency of repeated burnings will further influence the degree of enhancement and influence the signature (Herries & Fisher, 2010; Herries & Latham, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping magnetism: Geophysical modelling of stratigraphic features by using in situ magnetic susceptibility measurements at Pinnacle Point 5‐6 North, South Africa

et al. 2022

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This study utilizes geostatistical modelling of magnetic susceptibility (MS) for geophysical prospection of archaeological stratigraphy at the Middle Stone Age rock shelter site of Pinnacle Point 5-6 North. These models are overlaid onto highresolution photography of the stratigraphic sequence to study the lateral and vertical changes within the magnetic signature of the archaeological sequence and correlate these changes to micromorphological interpretations previously made at the site. In situ analysis is reinforced by laboratory magnetic mineralogical analysis utilizing MS; frequency-dependent susceptibility (χ FD ); isothermal remanent magnetization; and anhysteric remanent magnetization to understand the composition of the magnetic minerals creating the in situ signature. This study shows that there is consistent variation in the magnetic signatures of the sequence that can be mapped with in situ MS; there is a correlation with laboratory analysis of magnetic mineralogy, which provides insight into changes in human behaviour; and our models correlate well with micromorphological interpretations of the site.

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“…According to Kreimeyer (1987) and Anwar et al (2011), red tones become weaker when more iron is incorporated into the structure of the compounds and less remains in the iron oxides. Mention by (Jordanova, 2019) Iron oxides, especially magnetite (Fe3O4) and hematite (α-Fe2O3) are the key minerals for tracking the thermal transformations undergone by burnt clay materials. As with this study, the first step is to test the raw materials to identify their mineral composition and conduct research on the suitability of mixing terracotta with glaze materials (simple additions to base glaze), including a view on fluxes and the percentage of terracotta to mix with colors for the glaze.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study of Ceramic Firing Profile for Terracotta-Based Glaze

Suman

Anwar

Awang

et al. 2022

E-BPJ

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Terracotta clay is a natural resource that has the potential as a raw material in the ceramic field. This study investigates the effects of color glaze using terracotta clay powder as an alternative substance for ceramic colorants in glaze formulation. Terracotta clay powder is proportionately added to glaze formulations to determine the potential for color added to the glaze at temperatures ranging from 1140 °C to 1200 °C. The content in terracotta clay is bounded with potash feldspar, silica, zinc oxide, and calcium carbonate. Results show the apparent color of the surface on the ceramic glaze samples with different effects.

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Rock-magnetic and color characteristics of archaeological samples from burnt clay from destructions and ceramics in relation to their firing temperature

Cited by 22 publications

References 55 publications

Determining the use of ancient ceramic artefacts through combined morphological and magnetic analyses: the case of Villa del Foro, Northern Italy

Determining the use of ancient ceramic artefacts through combined morphological and magnetic analyses: the case of Villa del Foro, Northern Italy

Mapping magnetism: Geophysical modelling of stratigraphic features by using in situ magnetic susceptibility measurements at Pinnacle Point 5‐6 North, South Africa

Case Study of Ceramic Firing Profile for Terracotta-Based Glaze

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