Rock specific hydraulic fracturing and matrix acidizing to enhance a geothermal system — Concepts and field results

Zimmermann, Günter; Blöcher, Guido; Reinicke, Andreas; Brandt, W.

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2010.09.026

Cited by 75 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The mainflush, a mixture of 12% HCL and 3% HF (often called regular mud acid or RMA), is prepared by dissolving ammonium bifluoride in HCl, and is then pumped into the well. As a final step, the overflush, which consists of HCl, potassium chloride (KCl), ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl), or fresh water, is used to displace the nonreacted RMA (and any reaction products) into the formation and away from the wellbore Zimmermann et al 2011). .…”

Section: Appendix Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Water Consumption and Water Resource Assessment for Utility-Scale Geothermal Systems: An In-Depth Analysis of Historical and Forthcoming EGS Projects

Clark

Harto

Schroeder

et al. 2013

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Section: Appendix Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Water Consumption and Water Resource Assessment for Utility-Scale Geothermal Systems: An In-Depth Analysis of Historical and Forthcoming EGS Projects

Clark

Harto

Schroeder

et al. 2013

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“…The Lower Devonian basement therefore forms the impermeable base of the Buntsandstein aquifer where the Rotliegend is absent (LGB and LUWG 2010;Lucius 1948). Compact sedimentary rock can be used to create artificial heat exchangers using EGS technology (Breede et al 2013;Schulte et al 2010;Tester et al 2006;Zimmermann et al 2011). Lower Devonian lithologies best suited for geothermal exploitation are deep-lying, thick, and laterally persistent layers with a high proportion of sandstone and/or quartzite with a possible fracture porosity/permeability.…”

Section: Hydrogeology Of the Rotliegendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration for deep geothermal reservoirs in Luxembourg and the surroundings - perspectives of geothermal energy use

Schintgen

2015

Geotherm Energy

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Background: The aim of this paper is to combine different types of information necessary for a first rather qualitative assessment of deep geothermal reservoirs in the region of Luxembourg. Within the geological framework, the study area encompasses Luxembourg and the surrounding areas of Belgium, Germany, and France. On the one hand, the focus is laid on low-enthalpy hydrothermal reservoirs in Mesozoic aquifers in the Trier-Luxembourg Embayment. On the other hand, petrothermal reservoirs in the Devonian basement of the Ardennes and Eifel regions are considered for exploitation by Enhanced/Engineered Geothermal Systems (EGS). Methods: For geothermal exploration and exploitation purposes, geological, thermal, hydrogeological and structural data are necessary. Results: Among the Mesozoic aquifers, the Buntsandstein aquifer characterized by temperatures of up to 50°C is a suitable hydrothermal reservoir that could be exploited by means of heat pumps or provide direct heat for various applications. The most promising area is the zone of the SE-Luxembourg Graben. The aquifer is the warmest underneath the upper Alzette valley and the limestone plateau in Lorraine, where the Buntsandstein aquifer lies below a thick Mesozoic cover. At the base of an inferred Rotliegend graben in the same area, temperatures of up to 75°C are expected. However, geological and hydraulic conditions are uncertain. In the Lower Devonian basement, thick sandstone-/quartzite-rich formations with temperatures >90°C are expected at depths >3.5 km and likely offer the possibility of direct heat use. The setting of the Südeifel (South Eifel) region, including the Müllerthal region near Echternach, as a tectonically active zone may offer the possibility of deep hydrothermal reservoirs in the fractured Lower Devonian basement. Based on recent data on the structure of the Trier-Luxembourg Basin, the new concept presents the Müllerthal-Südeifel Depression as a Cenozoic tectonic structure that is still mobile and relevant for geothermal exploration. Conslusion: Beyond direct use of geothermal heat, the expected modest temperatures at 5 km depth (about 120°C) and increased permeability by EGS in the quartzite-rich Lochkovian could prospectively enable combined geothermal heat production and power generation in Luxembourg and the western realm of the Eifel region.

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“…Detailed information about the reservoir development and stimulation experiments in Groß Schönebeck, such as hydraulic and gel-proppant fracs as well as acid treatment can be retrieved from [4,8,9]. Currently, a long-term hydraulic experiment is being set up in order to obtain more information on the reservoir characteristics and the sustainability of the reservoir engineering measures.…”

Section: Geothermal In Situ Laboratory Groß Schönebeckmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and Process Engineering Challenges for Geothermal Power Generation

Frick

Regenspurg

Kranz

et al. 2011

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Handling of the geothermal fluid, which is typically a complex mixture of salt solution and dissolved gases, is one of the main challenges for designing and operating reliable and efficient geothermal power plants. In the geothermal fluid loop, undesired mineral precipitation and fluid-material interactions must be prevented and the design and dimensioning of all components must be adapted according to the characteristics of the geothermal fluid. This paper outlines geochemical and process engineering aspects as well as research activities in these fields and introduces the Groß Schönebeck site, which is a central site for geothermal research.

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Rock specific hydraulic fracturing and matrix acidizing to enhance a geothermal system — Concepts and field results

Cited by 75 publications

References 58 publications

Life Cycle Water Consumption and Water Resource Assessment for Utility-Scale Geothermal Systems: An In-Depth Analysis of Historical and Forthcoming EGS Projects

Life Cycle Water Consumption and Water Resource Assessment for Utility-Scale Geothermal Systems: An In-Depth Analysis of Historical and Forthcoming EGS Projects

Exploration for deep geothermal reservoirs in Luxembourg and the surroundings - perspectives of geothermal energy use

Geochemical and Process Engineering Challenges for Geothermal Power Generation

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