Rods glued in engineered hardwood products part II: Numerical modelling and capacity prediction

Grunwald, Cordula; Vallée, Till; Fecht, Simon; Bletz‐Mühldorfer, Oliver; Diehl, Friedemann; Bathon, Leander; Walther, Frank; Scholz, Ronja; Myslicki, Sebastian

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2018.05.004

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Beide besitzen eine profilierte Oberfläche im Millimeterbereich, um die Vorteile der mechanischen Verzahnung zu nutzen. Prinzipiell einsetzbar sind auch Stäbe aus glas‐ oder carbonfaserverstärkten Kunststoffen (u. a. Seim et al , Myslicki et al , Grunwald et al ). In den meisten Fällen werden Epoxide (EPX) und Polyurethane (PUR) eingesetzt, seltener Phenol‐Resorcin‐basierte Klebstoffe (PRF) .…”

Section: Stand Der Technikunclassified

In Laubholz eingeklebte Stäbe – experimentelle und numerische Bewertung der Tragfähigkeit

et al. 2020

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Eingeklebte Stäbe stellen eine im Holzbau weit verbreitete geklebte strukturelle Verbindung dar. Bisher konzentrierte sich die gängige Praxis weitgehend auf Nadelholz. Die meisten Strukturklebstoffe sind dementsprechend speziell für die Verarbeitung von Nadelholz, insbesondere Fichte, entwickelt. Der vermehrte Einsatz von Laubholz bzw. Holzwerkstoffen fordert tiefere Erkenntnisse über geklebte Verbindungen mit Laubholz. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über eine umfangreiche Forschungsreihe mit neun Klebstoffen, drei Holzwerkstoffen und vier Arten von Stäben. Die Untersuchungen erfolgten zunächst auf Ebene der Komponenten als vollständige Charakterisierung der Werkstoffe Holz, Klebstoff und Stab. Es folgten großmaßstäbliche Bauteilversuche. Insgesamt wurden 180 Einzelproben getestet. Neben dem experimentellen Teil wurde für den geklebten Anschluss unter Verwendung des probabilistischen Ansatzes ein praxistaugliches Bemessungsmodell für in Laubholz eingeklebte Stäbe unter quasistatischer Belastung entwickelt und validiert. Das Modell lieferte bezogen auf die experimentell ermittelten Bruchlasten Ergebnisse mit einer Genauigkeit von –1 ± 9 % (über alle Materialkombinationen gemittelt). Die Ergebnisse zeigen deutlich, dass die Querzugfestigkeit des Holzes sogar mehr als die Schubfestigkeit auf die Tragfähigkeit des geklebten Anschlusses einwirkt, während die Längszugfestigkeit eine untergeordnete Rolle spielt.

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Section: Stand Der Technikunclassified

In Laubholz eingeklebte Stäbe – experimentelle und numerische Bewertung der Tragfähigkeit

et al. 2020

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“…Timber is far less rigid perpendicular to the fibre, giving rise to a more uniform stress distribution that in turn leads to an almost linear relationship between the load-bearing capacity and glued length, which is contrary to what has been described for joints made parallel to the fibre. Crack propagation and therefore failure modes also differ depending on the fibre orientation of the load (Grunwald et al 2019b).…”

Section: Experimental Analysis Of the Joints With External Countersinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They even undertook comparative analysis of the results of some of the proposed designs, according to their dimensions. More recently, Grunwald et al (2019b) evaluated the different models used for GiR strength prediction. Different authors agree on one key aspect in the behaviour of joints.…”

Section: Introduction: Traditional System-only Cylindrical Holesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon has traditionally been used to determine joint strength. Authors such as Grunwald et al (2019b) suggest a D. Otero-Chans, J. Estévez-Cimadevila, E. Martín-Gutiérrez, F. Suárez-Riestra Systems that improve the behaviour of joints made using glued-in rods probabilistic approach to determine joint strength that goes beyond this consideration of maximum local tensions. They consider the transverse tensile strength of the wood to be at least as important as shear strength in joint capacity.…”

Section: Introduction: Traditional System-only Cylindrical Holesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systems that improve the behaviour of joints made using glued-in rods

et al. 2019

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Joints made using glued-in rods have been the subject of many numerical and experimental studies. The joints most widely used are those known as cylindrical joints, i.e., joints made using cylindrical rods of constant cross-section that are inserted into cylindrical holes that also have a constant cross-section. Although no agreement has been reached at a European level that would allow their dimensions to be included in structural standards, there is agreement in the literature on the fact that joint strength does not increase in a linear way with length. It has also been found that there is a maximum joint length above which its withdrawal strength does not increase. After reviewing the literature on the use of glued-in rods, this paper classifies the papers that describe different alternatives to cylindrical holes that have been suggested to improve joint behaviour. These alternatives modify the shape of the rods or the holes, or use additional elements. The paper also describes the results of a broad experimental campaign, which performed a comparative analysis of different types of glued-in rods based on modifying the shape of the hole to increase joint load capacity without the need to use long anchorages. Three different forms of improvement were studied, using several different anchorage lengths and wood species. The results show alternatives that improve strength by up to 60% when compared with traditional joints and which can be used in different wood species at different slenderness values.

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“…PUR adhesives perform well in wet conditions and for practical reasons, two-component adhesives are preferred over one component ones [15,51]. Other recent research [52] characterised nine different adhesives based on their stiffness, strength and rheology and also demonstrated that PUR had good bonding properties suitable for GiR joints.…”

Section: Adhesives Used In Girmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of glued-in-rod connections in cross-laminated timber

Gbenga¹

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The widespread availability of Cross-laminated timber (CLT) provides opportunities to extend the use of wood beyond traditional low-rise residential construction. Glued-in rods (GiR) are an interesting technical solution for numerous structural applications in timber engineering. Although GiR connections have the potential to be used in combination with CLT, research on this application is scarce. In this thesis, an experimental investigation on the performance of GiR in CLT is presented. Two different 5-ply CLT panel thicknesses (139 and 175 mm), two steel rod diameters (d = 12.7 and 19.1 mm) and five different anchorage lengths (la = 6d, 10d, 12d, 14d and 18d) were considered in single and multiple rod connections. A total of 260 specimens were fabricated and subsequently tested under uni-axial quasi-static monotonic tension. The results were assessed in terms of load-carrying capacity, stiffness and failure modes and demonstrated that GiR in CLT offer an alternative high capacity timber connection.

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Rods glued in engineered hardwood products part II: Numerical modelling and capacity prediction

Cited by 32 publications

References 70 publications

In Laubholz eingeklebte Stäbe – experimentelle und numerische Bewertung der Tragfähigkeit

In Laubholz eingeklebte Stäbe – experimentelle und numerische Bewertung der Tragfähigkeit

Systems that improve the behaviour of joints made using glued-in rods

Performance of glued-in-rod connections in cross-laminated timber

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