Rodzicielstwo Osób Z Niepełnosprawnością Intelektualną W Świetle Współczesnych Paradygmatów Pedagogiki Specjalnej

Support as described by fathers with intellectual disabilities

“…Taking on the role of a father is usually associated with satisfaction and pride (Ćwirynkało, 2021; Shewan et al, 2012). The varying degree to which men with intellectual disabilities take up parental responsibilities may be due to factors, including both parents' competences and preferences, how household and caring tasks are shared, and how responsible fathers are (Ćwirynkało, 2021; Fathers with learning disabilities and their experiences of adult social care services, 2017; Kijak, 2014; Symonds et al, 2020). Fathers with intellectual disabilities appreciate opportunities to support their children emotionally and financially (More & Tarleton, 2021).…”

“…Fathers do not remain passive recipients of practices that deprive them of fatherhood, even though they may feel excluded from their children's lives (More & Tarleton, 2021). Although fathers are able to grasp the essence of the parenting role, a lack positive parenting role models may contribute to fear of incompetence related to tasks of fatherhood (Ǻhlund, 2010; Ćwirynkało, 2021; McGaw et al, 2010; Parents Labeled with Intellectual Disability, 2008). Fathers are also aware of the need for mutual support and the cooperation of spouses (Ǻhlund, 2010), but, unlike mothers, seem to rely more on specialist support rather than their family members (Mayes & Sigurjónsdóttir, 2010).…”

“…This research explored the meanings fathers ascribed to these experiences, the quality of social support they received, the extent to which fathers felt supported and satisfied with the social support they received. The study is part of the areas of a larger‐scale research project related to fathers with intellectual disabilities in Poland (Ćwirynkało, 2021).…”

“…It should be noted that many studies concerning parents with intellectual disabilities focus on mothers, not fathers (McConnell et al, 2021). This may be due to several factors, such as there are more cases of motherhood than fatherhood in this population, more mothers with intellectual disabilities are parenting than fathers with intellectual disabilities and, consequently, formal or informal deprivation of fathers' participation in the upbringing of the child, as well as a weaker concentration of specialist services for supporting fathers (Ćwirynkało, 2021; Llewellyn & Hindmarsh, 2015). Population studies in the US have shown that the rate of mothers with intellectual disabilities is higher than that of fathers (Stancliffe et al, 2022).…”

“…Although fathers' experiences may be different from that of mothers, the positive impact of fatherhood on the lives of men with intellectual disabilities and their commitment to the role is confirmed in research (Ǻhlund, 2010; More & Tarleton, 2021; Shewan et al, 2012; Symonds et al, 2020). While expecting a child can be a source of excitement and joy for fathers‐to‐be, the anticipation of life changes and related fears, can cast doubts about their own paternal abilities (Ǻhlund, 2010;Ćwirynkało, 2021; Shewan et al, 2012). Fathers also indicate the need to ensure that they are consulted on decisions about pregnancy (Fathers with learning disabilities and their experiences of adult social care services, 2017; Mayes & Sigurjónsdóttir, 2010; Shewan et al, 2012).…”