Role conflict among ‘culture brokers’: The experience of native Canadian medical interpreters

Kaufert, Joseph M.; Koolage, William W.

doi:10.1016/0277-9536(84)90092-3

Cited by 132 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…There is a huge literature on role conflict and role ambiguity in specific areas, such as education (Rizzo, House and Lirtzman, 1970;Schwab and Iwanicki, 1981;Beck and Gargiulo, 1983;Ehly, 1992;Kaufhold, Alverez and Arnold, 2006;McCarthy et al, 2009;Gavish and Friedman, 2010;Çelik, 2013) and health (Rizzo, House and Lirtzman, 1970;Kaufert and Koolage, 1984;Comerford and Abernethy, 1999;Piko, 2006;Tarrant and Sabo, 2010;Khamisa, Peltzer and Oldenburg, 2013). However, role conflict and ambiguity in the work of judges have hardly received any attention in the public administration literature.…”

Section: Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity: Implications For Judges' Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflitos e ambiguidades de papéis no trabalho de juízes: as percepções de juízes portugueses

et al. 2017

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The reform of the judiciaries of several countries have created a new role for judges, a managerial role, in which judges assume new management responsibilities. This new role is different from the traditional one which focused on judicial tasks, and has generated conflict and ambiguity in the work of judges. This study aims to identify and discuss the conflicts and ambiguities between the judicial and administrative roles performed by Portuguese judges. The research took place in Portugal over the period between 2013 and 2014, and data was collected from in-depth interviews with 12 judges. The research identifies several areas of role conflict and ambiguity in the judges' work. The main conflicts are: incompatibility between the carrying out of judicial and management activities; high workload and insufficient and unmotivated administrative staff; the need to maintain both productivity and judicial quality; and the great responsibility of the position but poor remuneration. The main ambiguities reported are: the formal relationship between judges and administrative officials; the judge's function in the process of court planning; the criteria for the distribution of judicial proceedings among judges; and the criteria to evaluate judges' performance. These results are discussed and a research agenda is suggested. Keywords: judicial management; judge; social role; role conflict; role ambiguity. Conflitos e ambiguidades de papéis no trabalho de juízes: as percepções de juízes portuguesesReformas em judiciários de diversos países criaram um novo papel para os juízes, um papel gerencial, em que juízes assumem novas responsabilidades relacionadas às atividades administrativas. Esse novo papel é diferente do papel tradicional, focado em tarefas judiciais e tem gerado conflitos no trabalho de juízes. Com base nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar e discutir conflitos e ambiguidades envolvendo os papéis judicial e gerencial, desempenhados por juízes de Portugal. A pesquisa foi realizada em Portugal, entre 2013 e 2014, e os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com 12 juízes. Os principais conflitos são: incompatibilidade entre a realização de atividades judiciais e administrativas; carga de trabalho elevada e RAP | Role conflict and role ambiguity in the work of judges: the perceptions of Portuguese judges 928 equipe administrativa insuficiente e desmotivada; produtividade versus qualidade do trabalho judicial; e alta responsabilidade do cargo e baixo salário. As principais ambiguidades identificadas nas entrevistas referem-se a: relação formal entre juízes e pessoal administrativo; função do juiz no processo de planejamento dos tribunais; o critério para distribuição de processos judiciais entre juízes; e o critério de avaliação do desempenho de juízes. Os resultados são discutidos e sugeridas pesquisas adicionais. Palavras-chave: administração da justiça; juiz; papel social; conflito de papéis; ambiguidade de papéis. Conflictos y ambigüedades entre los papeles de juece...

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Section: Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity: Implications For Judges' Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conflitos e ambiguidades de papéis no trabalho de juízes: as percepções de juízes portugueses

et al. 2017

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“…In sociological research, the term 'culture broker' has also been used to describe a role that people assigned as medical interpreters take on and/or are ascribed in indigenous communities (e.g. Kaufert and Koolage 1984) and in immigrant communities (e.g. angelelli 2004).…”

Section: Prior Research On Language Brokeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language brokering in multilingual caregiving settings

Jansson

Wadensjö

2017

Communication & Medicine

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Using the methodology of conversation analysis to examine audio-recorded multi-party conversations between a Swedish-/Farsi-speaking resident and multilingual staff in a Swedish residential home, this article describes a practice for establishing shared understanding by one caregiver enacting the role of language broker. The focus is on caregiving settings where caregivers assist an elderly person with her personal hygiene. We demonstrate how brokering is used to (1) maintain the conversational flow in a small talk sequence and (2) address the contents in the resident's complaints. The article thus advances our understanding of language brokering as an activity that multilingual staff in a linguistically asymmetrical workplace setting take on to assist a colleague in performing client-oriented activities.Keywords: conversation analysis; Farsi; language brokering; multilingual interaction; residential elderly care; Swedish IntroductionIn Sweden, as throughout the Western world, elderly care is a setting that is becoming increasingly multilingual. This is not only because elderly care employs the highest proportion of migrant workers, but also because the proportion of elderly with a foreign background in need of long-term care is rapidly increasing. This situation poses new demands on care facilities that experience a sudden and dramatic rise in linguistically and culturally diverse clients. Even if Sweden has a fairly large population of immigrants, there are limitations in what cultural and linguistic adaptations can be made in relation to the individual needs of elderly immigrants. For this reason, elderly persons with a foreign background often live in residential homes where the linguistic background of the staff does not match that of the residents. In this article, we investigate how two caregivers in multi-party communication with a multilingual (Swedish/Farsi) Persian woman cope with such a linguistic mismatch. Communication & MedicineThe need for cultural and linguistic adjustments in elderly care has been acknowledged in previous research (e.g. Ekman 1993;Jansson 2014;Plejert et al. 2014). Plejert et al. (2014: 2) point out that the lack of cultural and linguistic matching between staff and residents in care contexts creates highly complex situations for all participants involved. Viewing utterances through a conversation analytic lens (e.g. drew et al. 2001), Plejert and colleagues highlight the use of different kinds of responses as an essential ingredient in the joint negotiation of meaning and in the establishment and maintenance of shared understanding. Their study focuses on how a client's complaints produced in the client's mother tongue are responded to by a carer with very limited knowledge of this language, demonstrating that when there is a lack of a common language, the handling of the resident's complaints becomes problematic, since the carer, most of the time, is unable to address the actual content of these complaints.The relevance of responses in interactions involving parti...

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“…The so-called "conduit model" of interpreting is very widely discussed in the field of community interpreting, although the terminology used to discuss it varies from author to author. For instance, in the key literature on community interpreting, interpreters are interchangeably categorized as "invisible" (Angelelli, 2004) or "neutral" (Metzger, 1999), as "message converters" (CHIA, 2002), "translation machines" (Bot, 2005), or "direct linguistic translators" (Kaufert & Koolage, 1984). The words may change, but the description of desired behaviour remains the same.…”

Section: The Conduit Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has been shown repeatedly in some of the seminal writings in community interpreting, specifically those that describe observational studies of community interpreters. For example, Kaufert and Koolage's (1984) 18-month study of Cree-and Saulteau-speaking interpreters in two Canadian hospitals found that the interpreters took on a number of different roles in any given assignment-from "direct linguistic translator" to cultural informant to patient advocate. Wadensjö's (1998) observations of 20 Swedish-Russian interpreted encounters in both court-like and community settings showed that interpreters were actively engaged in both translation and co-ordinating activities.…”

Section: The Persistent Conduitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Fidelity Ethical?

Clifford

2006

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This article explores the conduit model so often promoted in community interpreting and its connection with ethical behaviour. The author begins by exploring the origin of the model and the pathways through which it came to be applied in community interpreting. He then considers the model against the backdrop of competing ethical approaches and questions why it continues to be promoted in the face of mounting evidence of its shortcomings. Finally, he presents new information derived from interviews with stakeholders in the healthcare sector. The author argues that this information indicates practitioners may be willing to work with interpreters who take on a wider role, and he concludes by underlining the need to recognize the complexity in the work interpreters do.

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Role conflict among ‘culture brokers’: The experience of native Canadian medical interpreters

Cited by 132 publications

References 4 publications

Conflitos e ambiguidades de papéis no trabalho de juízes: as percepções de juízes portugueses

Conflitos e ambiguidades de papéis no trabalho de juízes: as percepções de juízes portugueses

Language brokering in multilingual caregiving settings

Is Fidelity Ethical?

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