Role Enhancement or Role Strain

Rozario, Philip A.; Morrow‐Howell, Nancy; Hinterlong, James E.

doi:10.1177/0164027504264437

Cited by 144 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Consistent with previous research (House et al, 1988;O'Rand, 2006;Rozario et al, 2004;Szinovacz & Davey, 2006), we find that economic resources (e.g., income, education) and social ties (e.g., frequent social interactions) may offset some of the negative effects of a potentially stressful event, such as coresidence. Because Hispanics do not experience health declines associated with coresidence, the buffering effect of these resources applies only to whites and blacks, yet the effects differ.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Race/Ethnic Differentials in the Health Consequences of Caring for Grandchildren for Grandparents

Chen

Mair

Bao

et al. 2015

GERONB

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Objectives. The phenomenon of grandparents caring for grandchildren is disproportionately observed among different racial/ethnic groups in the United States. This study examines the influence of childcare provision on older adults' health trajectories in the United States with a particular focus on racial/ethnic differentials. Method. Analyzing nationally representative, longitudinal data on grandparents over the age of 50 from the Health and Retirement Study (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010), we conduct growth curve analysis to examine the effect of living arrangements and caregiving intensity on older adults' health trajectories, measured by changing Frailty Index (FI) in race/ethnic subsamples. We use propensity score weighting to address the issue of potential nonrandom selection of grandparents into grandchild care. Results. We find that some amount of caring for grandchildren is associated with a reduction of frailty for older adults, whereas coresidence with grandchildren results in health deterioration. For non-Hispanic black grandparents, living in a skipped generation household appears to be particularly detrimental to health. We also find that Hispanic grandparents fare better than nonHispanic black grandparents despite a similar level of caregiving and rate of coresidence. Finally, financial and social resources assist in buffering some of the negative effects of coresidence on health (though this effect also differs by race/ethnicity). Discussion. Our findings suggest that the health consequences of grandchild care are mixed across different racial/ethnic groups and are further shaped by individual characteristics as well as perhaps cultural context.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Race/Ethnic Differentials in the Health Consequences of Caring for Grandchildren for Grandparents

Chen

Mair

Bao

et al. 2015

GERONB

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“…The importance of reciprocity was highlighted in the cross sectional analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA); retired people who engaged in either paid work or volunteering experienced greater levels of wellbeing compared to those retirees who engaged in caring [8]. Similar trends were found in employed and/or volunteering older caregivers (aged 60 years or above) who reported better self-rated health compared to those older caregivers who did neither activity [67]. However, there may be a fine line between volunteering enough to experience mental health benefits (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is volunteering a public health intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the health and survival of volunteers

et al. 2013

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BackgroundVolunteering has been advocated by the United Nations, and American and European governments as a way to engage people in their local communities and improve social capital, with the potential for public health benefits such as improving wellbeing and decreasing health inequalities. Furthermore, the US Corporation for National and Community Service Strategic Plan for 2011–2015 focused on increasing the impact of national service on community needs, supporting volunteers’ wellbeing, and prioritising recruitment and engagement of underrepresented populations. The aims of this review were to examine the effect of formal volunteering on volunteers’ physical and mental health and survival, and to explore the influence of volunteering type and intensity on health outcomes.MethodsExperimental and cohort studies comparing the physical and mental health outcomes and mortality of a volunteering group to a non-volunteering group were identified from twelve electronic databases (Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, HMIC, SSCI, ASSIA, Social Care Online, Social Policy and Practice) and citation tracking in January 2013. No language, country or date restrictions were applied. Data synthesis was based on vote counting and random effects meta-analysis of mortality risk ratios.ResultsForty papers were selected: five randomised controlled trials (RCTs, seven papers); four non-RCTs; and 17 cohort studies (29 papers). Cohort studies showed volunteering had favourable effects on depression, life satisfaction, wellbeing but not on physical health. These findings were not confirmed by experimental studies. Meta-analysis of five cohort studies found volunteers to be at lower risk of mortality (risk ratio: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.90). There was insufficient evidence to demonstrate a consistent influence of volunteering type or intensity on outcomes.ConclusionObservational evidence suggested that volunteering may benefit mental health and survival although the causal mechanisms remain unclear. Consequently, there was limited robustly designed research to guide the development of volunteering as a public health promotion intervention. Future studies should explicitly map intervention design to clear health outcomes as well as use pragmatic RCT methodology to test effects.

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“…Other studies also demonstrate that support from family and friends indeed helps to decrease depressive symptoms (Moon & Dilworth-Anderson, 2015), burden (Coen, O'Boyle, Coakley, & Lawlor, 2002), and loneliness (Anna K. Ekwall, Sivberg, & Hallberg, 2005) in older carers. In contrast, having access to extensive social ties (Berkman et al, 2004) and having a productive role (Rozario, Morrow-Howell, & Hinterlong, 2004), strengthened social networks (Huang, 2012), and more general resources (Neri et al, 2012) are associated with more favourable health and psychological outcomes in this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%