Role of Adiponectin in Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders

Abstract

Lifestyle changes have led to increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD); therefore, potential targets against CVD should be explored to mitigate its risks. Adiponectin (APN), an adipokine secreted by adipose tissue, has numerous beneficial effects against CVD related to glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, including regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, increasing insulin sensitivity, reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation, protection of myocardial cells, and improvement in endothelial cell function. These effects demonstrate the anti-atherosclerotic and antihypertensive properties of APN, which could aid in improving myocardial hypertrophy, and reducing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and myocardial infarction. APN can also be used for diagnosing and predicting heart failure. This review summarizes and discusses the role of APN in the treatment of CVD related to glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, and explores future APN research directions and clinical application prospects. Future studies should elucidate the signaling pathway network of APN cardiovascular protective effects, which will facilitate clinical trials targeting APN for CVD treatment in a clinical setting.

Lipid‐lowering activity and underlying mechanism of glycosylated peptide–calcium chelate prepared by transglutaminase pathway

“…This study found that CSPHs‐Ca and XOS‐CSPHs‐Ca‐TG decreased adiponectin concentrations, resistin, and visfatin in adipocytes ( p < .05). Adiponectin, an adipokine exclusively secreted by adipocytes, could stimulate fatty acid oxidation, reduce plasma labeling, and improve glucose metabolism (Han et al., 2022). After culture with CSPHs‐Ca and XOS‐CSPHs‐Ca‐TG, adiponectin in adipocytes was significantly decreased compared with the control group ( p < .05) (Figure 4c).…”

Consequences of COVID-19 on Adipose Tissue Signatures

“…However, adiponectin and IL-6 are both substantially expressed in AT [ 49 , 62 , 63 ] and closely related to their respective serum concentrations [ 48 ]. Both molecules represent inflammatory markers in people with obesity and T2D [ 62 , 63 , 64 ] and may affect glucose and lipid metabolism [ 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. Average adipocyte size and adipocyte hypertrophy are important determinants of altered CA5A and adiponectin expression.…”

Interaction between Selected Adipokines and Musculoskeletal and Cardiovascular Systems: A Review of Current Knowledge

“…Adiponectin has anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-swelling, and antioxidant effects [100]. Adiponectin has a cardioprotective effect by affecting autophagy with hypertrophy, inhibiting atherogenesis and apoptosis, reducing lipotoxic damage and ROS production, and promoting cell viability [100][101][102]. Anti-inflammatory effects of adiponectin include its action on macrophages and endothelial cells [101].…”

“…Anti-inflammatory effects of adiponectin include its action on macrophages and endothelial cells [101]. It also has a blood-pressurelowering effect [101]. Adiponectin is referred to as a "rescue hormone" because of its role in preventing heart injury [100].…”