Role of Allelopathy, Heat and Charred Wood in the Germination of Chaparral Herbs and Suffrutescents

Keeley, Jon E.; Morton, B. A.; Pedrosa, Andresa Muniz; Trotter, P.

doi:10.2307/2260486

Cited by 210 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Burning clears the way for germination by removing mature, above-ground vegetation, allowing seedlings greater access to light and water while reducing possible allelopathic influences (Christensen & Muller 1975a;Swank & Oechel 1991). In addition, fire is often essential in triggering germination and providing a physical and nutrient environment in which newly emerging seedlings can survive (Keeley & Keeley 1987;Thanos et al 1992;Thanos & Rundel 1995;Tyler 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seedling growth of four fire‐following Mediterranean plant species deprived of single mineral nutrients

Hanley

Fenner

1997

Functional Ecology

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Summary Anthyllis vulneraria, Cistus creticus, Hippocrepis unisiliquosa andPinus brutia are frequent post-fire colonizers whose seedlings are subjected to the mineral conditions imposed by ash in the early stages of growth. We test the hypothesis that the effective internal supply of mineral elements in the seeds of these species may complement the external availability of specific nutrients. 2. Newly germinated seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions, each deficient in one of the following elements: nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium. Control treatments consisted of full nutrients and distilled water. Seedling growth was monitored over 12 weeks. The final dry masses of the seedlings were taken as a measure of the availability of each element from the seeds' own stored reserves. 3. For the two legume species nitrogen was the most limiting element followed by phosphorus. Potassium deficiency had no effect on the final legume dry biomass. For Cistus, the order was nitrogen followed by potassium, while phosphorus deprivation had no effect on growth during the 12 weeks of the experiment. Deprivation of single minerals had no significant effect on seedling growth of Pinus over the same period. The two legumes and Cistus when denied nitrogen had relatively greater relative root ratios than control plants. 4. The relative seedling requirements of each species for early external supplies of the various nutrients for establishment in the field are discussed with reference to the adaptation of the four species to post-fire regeneration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seedling growth of four fire‐following Mediterranean plant species deprived of single mineral nutrients

Hanley

Fenner

1997

Functional Ecology

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“…P halepensis and P pinaster, two common Iberian pines, have been characterized as typical pyrophytes, which regenerate well after fire (Acherar et al, 1984;Trabaud and Oustric, 1989a;Castro et al, 1990 (Vuillemin and Bulard, 1981;Troumbis and Trabaud, 1986;Trabaud and Oustric, 1989b;Corral et al, 1990;Tárrega et al, 1992;González-Rabanal and Casal, 1995;Trabaud, 1995). Although P nigra and P sylvestris are considered typical opportunist conifers with high resilience after wildfires and other disturbances (Barbero et al, 1990), they present severe problems in recruitment after intense wildfires (Trabaud and Campant, 1991 (Gill and Groves, 1981) or microtopographic heterogeneity (Trabaud and Oustric, 1989a (Keeley, 1987;Keeley and Keeley, 1987;Trabaud and Oustric, 1989;Martínez-Sánchez et al, 1995) (Castro et al, 1990). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high temperatures and ash on seed germination of two Iberian pines (Pinus nigra ssp salzmannii, P sylvestris var iberica)

1997

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“…Locating the active principle in the synthetic product under investigation was further simplified by plotting reconstructed single ion chromatograms for the two most abundant ions, m/z 121 and 150, in the spectrum of the plant-derived germination cue. The compound eluting at the same retention time as the plant-derived active principle has a mass spectrum containing the diagnostic ions m/z 150 (65), 149 (9), 122 (20), 121 (100), 105 (3), 94 (9), 93 (7), 75 (3), 74(3), 66 (18), 65 (26), 51 (8), 50 (7), 39 (35), 38 (8), 29 (8), and 27 (3%). Critical evaluation of the results of the present investigation against the background of our previously published results (12) reveals that the germination stimulant isolated from plant-derived smoke and the germination stimulant prepared from glycine and xylose elute at the same elution volume in HPLC, elute at the same retention time in GC when coinjected, and have identical mass spectra, proving without doubt that the compound prepared by heating a mixture of xylose and glycine is identical to the recently identified germination cue, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of a Seed Germination Promoter from Carbohydrates and Amino Acids

Light

Burger

Staden

2005

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The ability of plant-derived smoke to act as a germination cue in many species has led to widespread interest in this aspect of seed biology. Recently, 3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one was identified as the main germination cue from smoke. Here, we report on the formation of this compound from reactions of sugars with amino acids. Heating proteins or amino acids with sugars at 180 C for 30 min produces water soluble extracts that promote germination. High-performance liquid chromatography indicated that the active compound(s) derived from these reactions coeluted with the active fraction from a smoke solution. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy showed that the active constituent is identical to the germination cue from plant-derived smoke. The results presented in this paper provide evidence for the formation of the major germination cue found in smoke from ubiquitously occurring organic compounds.

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Role of Allelopathy, Heat and Charred Wood in the Germination of Chaparral Herbs and Suffrutescents

Cited by 210 publications

References 16 publications

Seedling growth of four fire‐following Mediterranean plant species deprived of single mineral nutrients

Seedling growth of four fire‐following Mediterranean plant species deprived of single mineral nutrients

Effects of high temperatures and ash on seed germination of two Iberian pines (Pinus nigra ssp salzmannii, P sylvestris var iberica)

Formation of a Seed Germination Promoter from Carbohydrates and Amino Acids

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