Role of Androgens in Cardiovascular Diseases in Men: A Comprehensive Review

Mukherjee, Dilip; Sen, Koushik; Gupta, Shreyasi; Chowdhury, Piyali Dhar; Majumder, Suravi; Guha, Payel

doi:10.5772/intechopen.85852

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 155 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…It is known that aging is responsible for the stiffening and thickening of the vascular wall (Lacolley et al 2018, Mukherjee et al 2020). In addition, there is an inverse relationship between testosterone levels and thickening of the vascular wall, so that the decline in androgen levels with age correlates with increased vascular wall in humans (Fu et al 2008, Mukherjee et al 2020. For laboratory rats, 14 days are equivalent to approximately 1 year of human Journal of Molecular Endocrinology life (Quinn 2005).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sex hormones and vascular reactivity: a temporal evaluation in resistance arteries of male rats

Rouver

Delgado

Gonçalves

et al. 2023

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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The role of androgens in vascular reactivity is controversial, particularly regarding their age-related actions. The objective of this study was to conduct a temporal evaluation of the vascular reactivity of resistance arteries of young male rats, as well as to understand how male sex hormones can influence the vascular function of these animals. Endothelium-mediated relaxation was characterized in third-order mesenteric arteries of 10-, 12-, 16-, and 18-week-old (w) male rats. Concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh, 0.1 nmol/L - 10 µmol/L) were constructed in arteries previously contracted with phenylephrine (PE, 3 µmol/L), before and after use of nitric oxide synthase or cyclooxygenase inhibitors. PE concentration-response curves (1 nmol/L - 100 μmol/L) were also built. The levels of vascular nitric oxide, superoxide anion, and hydrogen peroxide were assessed and histomorphometry analysis was performed. The 18w group had impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation. All groups showed prostanoid-independent and nitric oxide-dependent vasodilatory response, although this dependence seems to be smaller in the 18w group. The 18w group had the lowest nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production, in addition to the highest superoxide anion levels. Besides functional impairment, 18w animals showed morphological differences in third-order mesenteric arteries compared with the other groups. Our data show that time-dependent exposure to male sex hormones appears to play an important role in the development of vascular changes that can lead to impaired vascular reactivity in mesenteric arteries, which could be related to the onset of age-related cardiovascular changes in males.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sex hormones and vascular reactivity: a temporal evaluation in resistance arteries of male rats

Rouver

Delgado

Gonçalves

et al. 2023

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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A comprehensive review on the effects of sex hormones on chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: are they lucrative or unprofitable?

Kheradkhah,

Sheibani,

Kianfar

et al. 2024

Cardio-Oncology

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Chemotherapy is one of the routine treatment for preventing rapid growth of the tumor cells. However, chemotherapeutic agents, especially doxorubicin cause damages to the normal cells especially cardiomyocytes. Cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs lead to the myocardial cell injury and finally causes left ventricular dysfunction. It seems that there were some differences in the severity of cardiovascular side effects of drugs used in the treatment of cancers. Sex hormones in male and female play crucial roles in cardiovascular development and physiological function of the heart and blood vessels. Gender differences and sex-specific hormones influence various aspects of cardiovascular health, including ventricular function, mitochondrial autophagy, and the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The most important gender related hormones are LH, FSH, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, prolactin and oxytocin. They exert very important cardiovascular effects via different signaling mechanisms. Sex related hormones are also important in the cardiovascular side effects of chemotherapeutic agents, so that chronic cardiotoxicity induced by anthracyclines is more common in women. During different stages of life (before, during, and after sexual life), the levels of these hormones will be changed. This alterations can affect cardiovascular function during physiological conditions and pathological process. Because of the importance of the sex related hormones in the cardiac function, in this review we tried to comprehensively elucidate the role of these physiological hormones in cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic agents with emphasizing their signaling mechanisms. Graphical Abstract

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Significance of depression and androgen deficiency in development of myocardial infarction in young males

Karpunina,

Tkachenko,

Orekhova

et al. 2024

Perm Medical Journal

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In the recent years, close attention has been paid to the study of depression in general medical practice, in particular, among patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Two large groups of factors, which presumably cause such a relationship, are discussed. The first group includes direct pathophysiological factors, the second – indirect, "behavioral" reactions modifying other risk factors for coronary artery disease and reduce patient adherence to prescribed therapy. The age of patients in the observed populations, as well as the predominant type of MI in patients, may have a certain influence on the results of studies. Besides, today, no unambiguous view has been formed on the question of the relationship between the androgenic status of men and the development of coronary artery disease. Among the articles analyzing the effect of androgen levels on the course of coronary heart disease, most of the studies are devoted to androgen content in the blood serum among men with stable angina, while there are relatively few studies evaluating androgen status in acute myocardial infarction and postinfarction cardiosclerosis. On the one hand, it is assumed that age-related androgen deficiency in middle-aged men with coronary heart disease may be a compensatory response to a severe general disease and can contribute to better long-term results of myocardial revascularization in them. On the other hand, it was found that men with coronary heart disease and age-related hypogonadism are characterized by more pronounced manifestations of myocardial ischemia, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, and more severe atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. A review of the latest evidence is presented, summarizing clinical data on the impact of depression and androgen deficiency in the development of myocardial infarction in young men.

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Role of Androgens in Cardiovascular Diseases in Men: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 155 publications

Sex hormones and vascular reactivity: a temporal evaluation in resistance arteries of male rats

Sex hormones and vascular reactivity: a temporal evaluation in resistance arteries of male rats

A comprehensive review on the effects of sex hormones on chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: are they lucrative or unprofitable?

Significance of depression and androgen deficiency in development of myocardial infarction in young males

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