Role of ash on the NO formation during char oxidation of biomass

Kärlstrom, Oskar; Perander, Michael; DeMartini, Nikolai; Brink, Anders; Hupa, Mikko

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.013

Cited by 48 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…To reduce pollutant emissions and improve the efficiency of the combustion process, understanding the relevant complex processes and related flue gas reactions is necessary. A large amount of experimental researches were performed on this topic in laboratory-scale furnaces, such as entrained-flow gasifiers/combustors [3][4][5] , drop-tube furnaces [6][7][8][9] and single-particle reactors 4,10,11 to get some essential information of burning solid fuels, such as mass loss rate, ignition time and flue gas composition. Despite this, parameters such as flame temperature, velocity fields, and species concentrations were needed for a better understanding of the combustion process, where optical measurement techniques are needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel multi-jet burner for hot flue gases of wide range of temperatures and compositions for optical diagnostics of solid fuels gasification/combustion

Weng

Borggren

et al. 2017

Review of Scientific Instruments

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A novel multi-jet burner was built to provide one-dimensional laminar flat flames with a wide range of variable parameters for multipurpose quantitative optical measurements. The burner is characterized by two independent plenum chambers, one supporting a matrix of 181 laminar jet flames and the other supporting a co-flow from a perforated plate with small holes evenly distributed among the jets. A uniform rectangular burned gas region of 70 mm × 40 mm can be generated, with a wide range of temperatures and equivalence ratios by controlling independently the gas supplies to the two plenum chambers. The temperature of the hot gas can be adjusted from 1000 K to 2000 K with different flame conditions. The burner is designed to seed additives in gas or liquid phase to study homogeneous reactions. The large uniform region can be used to burn solid fuels and study heterogeneous reactions. The temperature was measured using two-line atomic fluorescence thermometry and the temperature profile at a given height above the burner was found to be flat. Different types of optical diagnostic techniques, such as line of sight absorption or laser-induced fluorescence, can be easily applied in the burner, and as examples, two typical measurements concerning biomass combustion are demonstrated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel multi-jet burner for hot flue gases of wide range of temperatures and compositions for optical diagnostics of solid fuels gasification/combustion

Weng

Borggren

et al. 2017

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…In the different cases, 3-8 % of the initial fuel-N (around 10-30% of the char-N) is released as NO during the char combustion stage. The conversion of char-N to NO has been found to be lower, in general, than 50% in environments of O2/N2 [2,9,10,18,19,23]. In a few cases conversions of char-N to NO as high as 70% have been reported [10,19].…”

Section: Conversion Of Char-n To Nomentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A detailed description of the reactor can be found elsewhere [18,19]. The single particle reactor consists of a quartz tube reactor inserted in a ceramic furnace.…”

Section: Single Particle Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of H2O on NO formation during char oxidation of biomass

Kärlstrom

Glarborg

2019

Fuel

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“…The initial NO formed from char-N does not correspond to the release of NO from the char particle, because the initially formed NO can be reduced to N 2 within the pore system. , Interestingly, the fractional conversion of char-N to NO increases with a decreasing particle size. − This particle-size-dependent conversion of char-N to NO has been experimentally shown and also by means of single-particle modeling. − The reduction potential of biomass char can be explained by the large internal surface area, the catalytic species in the ash-forming matter, such as K, and possibly also the char-N content. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13−17 The reduction potential of biomass char can be explained by the large internal surface area, the catalytic species in the ash-forming matter, such as K, and possibly also the char-N content. 12,18 In all solid fuel combustion and gasification systems, significant concentrations of CO 2 and H 2 O exist in the gas. However, the influence of CO 2 and H 2 O on NO formation is poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of CO₂ and H₂O on NO Formation during Biomass Char Oxidation

et al. 2020

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We have investigated how CO2 and H2O influence NO release rates during char oxidation of biomass. In addition, the role of catalytic elements in these processes has been studied. NO release rates were determined from single-particle experiments of softwood and straw at 900 °C, in CO2/O2 (34/3%) and H2O/O2 (17/3%), with N2 as the balance gas. The NO release profiles differed in CO2/O2 and H2O/O2. In CO2/O2, the NO release increased as the char conversion proceeded. On the other hand, in H2O/O2, the NO release decreased as the char conversion proceeded. In neither of these cases, the conversion rates of char-N to NO were proportional to the conversion rates of char-C. To investigate how the ash-forming matter influenced the NO release rates, the biomasses were demineralized and the experiments were repeated. For the chars of the demineralized biomasses, the NO release profiles were almost identical in CO2/O2 and H2O/O2. In addition, for the demineralized chars, the conversion rates of char-N to NO were proportional to the conversion rates of char-C. The conversions of char-N to NO were significantly higher for the demineralized chars. For softwood, the total conversion of char-N to NO was as high as 85%. These results show that (i) CO2 and H2O influence the formation of char-N to NO in different ways and (ii) the ash-forming matter contributes to the differences in the NO release rates.

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Role of ash on the NO formation during char oxidation of biomass

Cited by 48 publications

References 39 publications

A novel multi-jet burner for hot flue gases of wide range of temperatures and compositions for optical diagnostics of solid fuels gasification/combustion

A novel multi-jet burner for hot flue gases of wide range of temperatures and compositions for optical diagnostics of solid fuels gasification/combustion

Influence of H2O on NO formation during char oxidation of biomass

Role of CO₂ and H₂O on NO Formation during Biomass Char Oxidation

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Role of ash on the NO formation during char oxidation of biomass

Cited by 48 publications

References 39 publications

A novel multi-jet burner for hot flue gases of wide range of temperatures and compositions for optical diagnostics of solid fuels gasification/combustion

A novel multi-jet burner for hot flue gases of wide range of temperatures and compositions for optical diagnostics of solid fuels gasification/combustion

Influence of H2O on NO formation during char oxidation of biomass

Role of CO2 and H2O on NO Formation during Biomass Char Oxidation

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Role of CO₂ and H₂O on NO Formation during Biomass Char Oxidation