Role of bacterial debris in inflammatory diseases of the joint and eye

Abstract

Fox, A. Role of bacterial debris in inflammatory diseases of the joint and eye. APMIS 98: 957-968,1990.Several distinct rheumatic conditions (including Lyme arthritis, Reiter's syndrome and rheumatic fever) as well as certain forms of the blinding disease, uveitis, may share a common etiology. In each instance specific bacterial pathogens may infect a distant site, which on interaction with the immune system, leads to a sterile inflammation in the joint or eye. These "reactive" conditions may result, in some cases, from prior localization of non-viable bacterial remnants (including the cell wall or peptidoglycan) or alternatively "dormant" fastidious bacteria in the affected joint or eye where they act as persisting antigens. Classical culture techniques, would not detect the presence of these putative microbial antigens. Alternative approaches for detection of ubiquitous components of bacteria in the host (using appropriate chemical, molecular and immunological techniques) are discussed.

Beta-amyloid deposition and Alzheimer's type changes induced by Borrelia spirochetes

“…Natural or synthetic bacterial components alone may lead to chronic inflammation and amyloid deposition [10,11]. We analyzed, therefore, whether the bacterial lipopolysaccharide could alone induce increased A␤PP and hyperphosphorylation of tau.…”

“…Natural or synthetic bacterial components, such as the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan and LPS may induce chronic inflammation and amyloidosis [10,11]. They are inflammatory cytokine stimulators, they activate complement, they affect vascular permeability, they generate nitric oxide, and they induce proteoglycan synthesis and apoptosis [10][11][12][13].…”

“…They are inflammatory cytokine stimulators, they activate complement, they affect vascular permeability, they generate nitric oxide, and they induce proteoglycan synthesis and apoptosis [10][11][12][13]. All of these processes are implicated in the pathogenesis of AD.…”

“…Bacterial cell components are highly resistant to degradation by mammalian enzymes, and thus may provide persisting inflammatory and amyloidogenic stimuli [10]. During chronic exposure, bacteria or bacterial debris may accumulate and persist in host tissues and trigger a cascade of events leading to chronic inflammation and amyloid deposition.…”

Chronic Inflammation and Amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease -- Role of Spirochetes1

“…Bacterial cell walls are highly resistant to degradation by mammalian enzymes and thus may provide a persisting inflammatory stimulus (Ohanian and Schwab 1967). Specific bacterial pathogens may infect a distant site, which on interaction with the immune-system, leads to a chronic inflammation (Lehman et al, 1983;Fox, 1990). It has been shown that human intestinal bowel contains soluble bacterial cell wall components that are arthropathic in an animal model [Stimpson et al, 1986].…”