Role of Capsular Polysaccharides in Biofilm Formation: An AFM Nanomechanics Study

Wang, Huabin; Wilksch, Jonathan J.; Strugnell, Richard A.; Gee, Michelle L.

doi:10.1021/acsami.5b03041

Cited by 69 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This type III pili may play a key role in capsular polysaccharide organization, improving the mechanical properties of biofilms (105). In the present study, among proteins involved in capsular biosynthesis, Wzi (A1S_0999) and Amylovoran glycosyltransferase AmsE (A1S_0060) were overexpressed both in 1-day and 4-day, Wzc and Wza were overexpressed at 1-and 4-day, respectively.…”

Section: Magnesium and Phosphate Enhanced Pellicle Formation-supporting

confidence: 50%

Global Dynamic Proteome Study of a Pellicle-forming Acinetobacter baumannii Strain

Kentache

Araar

Jouenne

et al. 2017

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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For several decades, many bacteria, among which A. baumannii, have shown their ability to colonize the upper surface of static liquids, forming a biofilm at the air-liquid interface named pellicle. Despite the ubiquity of these pellicles in both natural and artificial environments, few studies have investigated this biofilm type. The present data set provides the first description of the whole proteome of A. baumannii cells grown as pellicle, using a label-free mass spectrometry approach. Results are in accord with the general findings reporting that sessile bacteria are far more resistant to detrimental conditions than their planktonic counterparts, by the accumulation of stress proteins. The present investigation also confirmed previous studies suggesting a correlation between the pellicle forming ability and the bacterial virulence. Indeed, we showed the up-regulation of numerous virulence factors during the pellicle growth, e.g. phospholipases, adhesion factors, as well as those of the GacAS Two-Component System (TCS) and Type 6 Secretion System (T6SS). We also highlighted that Bam and Tam systems, both related to the OM insertion machinery, play a critical role during pellicle biogenesis. Moreover, sessile bacteria activate several pathways, e.g. iron, magnesium, phosphate pathways, which allows for increasing the panel of nutrient sources. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Section: Magnesium and Phosphate Enhanced Pellicle Formation-supporting

confidence: 50%

Global Dynamic Proteome Study of a Pellicle-forming Acinetobacter baumannii Strain

Kentache

Araar

Jouenne

et al. 2017

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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“…In addition to these nutrient-acquiring transporters, the MAG contained a transporter responsible for excreting capsular polysaccharides. After intracellular construction, these molecules are exported to form a capsule around the cell which is involved in both biofilm formation and environmental stress protection (24). We also found a lipopolysaccharide export system indicating that the Sulfurovum species at Lost City builds an outer membrane like other characterized Sulfurovum species (25).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Evidence for Formate Metabolism by Chloroflexi as the Key to Unlocking Deep Carbon in Lost City Microbial Ecosystems

McGonigle

Lang

Brazelton

2019

Preprint

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24The Lost City hydrothermal field on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge supports dense microbial life on the 25 lofty calcium carbonate chimney structures. The vent field is fueled by chemical reactions 26 between the ultramafic rock under the chimneys and ambient seawater. These serpentinization 27 reactions provide reducing power (as hydrogen gas) and organic compounds that can serve as 28 microbial food; the most abundant of these are methane and formate. Previous studies have 29 characterized the interior of the chimneys as a single-species biofilm inhabited by the Lost City 30 Methanosarcinales, but also indicated that this methanogen is unable to metabolize formate. The 31 new metagenomic results presented here indicate that carbon cycling in these Lost City chimney 32 biofilms could depend on the metabolism of formate by low-abundance Chloroflexi species. 33Additionally, we present evidence that metabolically diverse, formate-utilizing Sulfurovum 34 species are living in the transition zone between the interior and exterior of the chimneys. 35 36 IMPORTANCE 37 Primitive forms of life may have originated around hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the 38 ancient ocean. The Lost City hydrothermal vent field, fueled by just rock and water, provides an 39 analog for not only primitive ecosystems but also extraterrestrial ecosystems that might support 40 life. The microscopic life covering towering chimney structures at the Lost City has been well 41 characterized, yet little is known about the carbon cycling in this ecosystem. These results 42 provide a better understanding of how carbon from the deep subsurface can fuel rich microbial 43 ecosystems on the seafloor.44 45 INTRODUCTION 46 3 The towering carbonate chimneys of the Lost City hydrothermal vent field protrude from 47 the Atlantis Massif, a dome of ultramafic rock uplifted from the mantle. These chimneys differ 48 from other deep-sea hydrothermal systems because they are driven primarily by rock-water 49 reactions known as serpentinization, rather than magmatic activity. The serpentinization 50 reactions create high pH fluids that mix with surrounding cold seawater to form the calcium 51 carbonate structures. Serpentinite-hosted ecosystems are of astrobiological interest because they 52 provide a source of fuel and energy for life that does not require sunlight or an active planetary 53 body (i.e. geothermal energy). These systems are thought to be present on inactive planetary 54 bodies such as Jupiter's moon Europa (1, 2). 55 The dense microbial biofilms of Lost City chimneys are fueled by the carbon and energy 56 released by serpentinization of the underlying ultramafic rock (3-7). The serpentinization 57 reactions provide high concentrations of hydrogen gas, methane, and other simple organic 58 compounds that serve as food and energy sources for microbes. The more extreme interiors of 59 chimneys are anoxic and continually bathed in the warm serpentinizing fluids. Temperatures of 60 venting fluids can reach >95°C, and pH of the fluids can be as high as 11 ...

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“…Cell surface CPS is an important bacterial adhesion factor, which assists inter-bacterial binding for biofilm formation, as well as adhesion to both inert and eukaryotic cellular surfaces [31, 72, 73]. In this study, we analyzed the role of CPS in B. longum 105-A binding on polarized intestinal epithelial-like cells Caco-2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsular polysaccharide inhibits adhesion of Bifidobacterium longum 105-A to enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells and phagocytosis by macrophages

et al. 2017

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Background Bifidobacterium longum 105-A produces markedly high amounts of capsular polysaccharides (CPS) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) that should play distinct roles in bacterial–host interactions. To identify the biological function of B. longum 105-A CPS/EPS, we carried out an informatics survey of the genome and identified the EPS-encoding genetic locus of B. longum 105-A that is responsible for the production of CPS/EPS. The role of CPS/EPS in the adaptation to gut tract environment and bacteria-gut cell interactions was investigated using the ΔcpsD mutant.ResultsA putative B. longum 105-A CPS/EPS gene cluster was shown to consist of 24 putative genes encoding a priming glycosyltransferase (cpsD), 7 glycosyltransferases, 4 CPS/EPS synthesis machinery proteins, and 3 dTDP-L-rhamnose synthesis enzymes. These enzymes should form a complex system that is involved in the biogenesis of CPS and/or EPS. To confirm this, we constructed a knockout mutant (ΔcpsD) by a double cross-over homologous recombination. Compared to wild-type, the ∆cpsD mutant showed a similar growth rate. However, it showed quicker sedimentation and formation of cell clusters in liquid culture. EPS was secreted by the ∆cpsD mutant, but had altered monosaccharide composition and molecular weight. Comparison of the morphology of B. longum 105-A wild-type and ∆cpsD by negative staining in light and electron microscopy revealed that the formation of fimbriae is drastically enhanced in the ∆cpsD mutant while the B. longum 105-A wild-type was coated by a thick capsule. The fimbriae expression in the ∆cpsD was closely associated with the disappearance of the CPS layer. The wild-type showed low pH tolerance, adaptation, and bile salt tolerance, but the ∆cpsD mutant had lost this survivability in gastric and duodenal environments. The ∆cpsD mutant was extensively able to bind to the human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cell line and was phagocytosed by murine macrophage RAW 264.7, whereas the wild-type did not bind to epithelial cells and totally resisted internalization by macrophages.ConclusionsOur results suggest that CPS/EPS production and fimbriae formation are negatively correlated and play key roles in the survival, attachment, and colonization of B. longum 105-A in the gut.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13099-017-0177-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Role of Capsular Polysaccharides in Biofilm Formation: An AFM Nanomechanics Study

Cited by 69 publications

References 33 publications

Global Dynamic Proteome Study of a Pellicle-forming Acinetobacter baumannii Strain

Global Dynamic Proteome Study of a Pellicle-forming Acinetobacter baumannii Strain

Genomic Evidence for Formate Metabolism by Chloroflexi as the Key to Unlocking Deep Carbon in Lost City Microbial Ecosystems

Capsular polysaccharide inhibits adhesion of Bifidobacterium longum 105-A to enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells and phagocytosis by macrophages

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