Role of Chitosan in Disease Suppression,  Growth and Yield of Carrot

Rahman, MM; Jannat, Rayhanur; Akanda, Abdul Mannan; Khan, Murshida; Rubayet, Md. Tanbir

doi:10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.3.266

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Chitosan is one such natural product, with its protective effect demonstrated in various plants against different diseases (Malerba & Cerana, 2016; Riseh et al, 2022). Regarding southern blight disease, priming carrot seeds ( Daucus carota ) with 1% chitosan for 12 h before sowing reduced incidence of the disease on carrot roots by 30% to 42% (Rahman et al, 2021). Treating chili seeds ( Capsicum annuum ) with alginate beads, containing plant growth‐promoting bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis , and chitosan nanoparticles (25 mg mL −1 ) diminished southern blight disease occurrence by 33% (Panichikkal et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal and proteomic analyses of southern blight disease caused by Athelia rolfsii and root chitosan priming on Cannabis sativa in an in vitro hydroponic system

Suwanchaikasem,

Nie,

Selby‐Pham

et al. 2023

Plant Direct

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Southern blight disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Athelia rolfsii, suppresses plant growth and reduces product yield in Cannabis sativa agriculture. Mechanisms of pathology of this soil‐borne disease remain poorly understood, with disease management strategies reliant upon broad‐spectrum antifungal use. Exposure to chitosan, a natural elicitor, has been proposed as an alternative method to control diverse fungal diseases in an eco‐friendly manner. In this study, C. sativa plants were grown in the Root‐TRAPR system, a transparent hydroponic growth device, where plant roots were primed with .2% colloidal chitosan prior to A. rolfsii inoculation. Both chitosan‐primed and unprimed inoculated plants displayed classical symptoms of wilting and yellowish leaves, indicating successful infection. Non‐primed infected plants showed increased shoot defense responses with doubling of peroxidase and chitinase activities. The levels of growth and defense hormones including auxin, cytokinin, and jasmonic acid were increased 2–5‐fold. In chitosan‐primed infected plants, shoot peroxidase activity and phytohormone levels were decreased 1.5–4‐fold relative to the unprimed infected plants. When compared with shoots, roots were less impacted by A. rolfsii infection, but the pathogen secreted cell wall‐degrading enzymes into the root‐growth solution. Chitosan priming inhibited root growth, with root lengths of chitosan‐primed plants approximately 65% shorter than the control, but activated root defense responses, with root peroxidase activity increased 2.7‐fold along with increased secretion of defense proteins. The results suggest that chitosan could be an alternative platform to manage southern blight disease in C. sativa cultivation; however, further optimization is required to maximize effectiveness of chitosan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal and proteomic analyses of southern blight disease caused by Athelia rolfsii and root chitosan priming on Cannabis sativa in an in vitro hydroponic system

Suwanchaikasem,

Nie,

Selby‐Pham

et al. 2023

Plant Direct

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The Impacts of Chitosan on Plant Root Systems and Its Potential to be Used for Controlling Fungal Diseases in Agriculture

Suwanchaikasem,

Idnurm,

Selby-Pham

et al. 2024

J Plant Growth Regul

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Chitosan is a natural elicitor, used for stimulating plant growth and inducing plant defense. However, due to difficulty in monitoring root growth and activity, the effects of chitosan treatment on plant root systems have been less studied as compared to plant shoot parts that include leaves, seeds, and fruits. This results in an indefinite outcome of the benefits of chitosan on plant roots. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the effects of chitosan treatment on root growth and defense responses based on current evidence. Interestingly, many studies have demonstrated that chitosan can induce plant root defense systems, yet conversely inhibiting root growth. The effects were most clearly observed from studies using liquid or solid media as substrates, while the results from the studies using soil were inconclusive and require additional investigation to observe the effects of environmental factors. In addition, root chitosan treatment showed variable effects on shoot growth, where low chitosan concentrations tend to promote shoot growth, but high chitosan concentrations may affect shoot development. Additionally, this review discusses the potential methods of chitosan application onto plant roots. Water insolubility of chitosan is likely a major issue for root treatment. Chitosan can be dissolved in acids, but this could induce acidity stress in plant roots. Modified versions of chitosan, such as chitosan nanoparticles, carboxylated chitosan, and graft chitosan copolymers have been developed to improve solubility and functionality. Chitosan nanoparticles can also be used to encapsulate other biocontrol agents to augment biological effects on plant defense. In conclusion, root chitosan treatment could help to promote plant defense and prevent root infections, abating the uses of chemical fungicides in agriculture. However, further research is required to monitor the impact of root chitosan treatment on long-term plant growth in order to gain multifaceted information to maximize the effectiveness of root chitosan application.

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A sustainable approach in agricultural chemistry towards alleviation of plant stress through chitosan and nano-chitosan priming

Sen,

Das

2024

Discov. Chem.

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Abiotic stress disrupts vital physiological and biochemical processes in plants, leading to inhibited growth and reduced seed germination. To counter these effects, chitosan and chitosan-derived nanoparticles have emerged as essential priming agents. These biopolymers are non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable, making them ideal for agricultural use. Chitosan enhances the activity of antioxidants and hydrolytic enzymes, which strengthens plant defences, improves membrane transporters' selective permeability, and increases seed germination rates. Chitosan nanoparticles, produced through methods such as ionic gelation, microemulsion, electrospraying etc. offer additional benefits due to their small size and high surface area. These nanoparticles are non-toxic and biodegradable, with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties, further enhancing their role in stress management. As eco-friendly solid matrix priming agents, chitosan and nano-chitosan significantly improve germination percentages and overall seedling health, making them effective in enhancing seed germination under salinity and other stressful conditions. The efficiency of these priming agents largely depends on optimizing the dosage and treatment time, which promotes the development of healthier seedlings and, consequently, better agricultural yields. The size and stability of nano-chitosan particles are crucial for their bioactivity and influence the seed germination index, directly impacting agricultural productivity under abiotic stress. Current review focuses on the role of chitosan and nano-chitosan as priming agents in mitigating abiotic stress with special reference to salinity stress in crops, highlighting their potential in future crop improvement programs aimed at stress management.

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Role of Chitosan in Disease Suppression, Growth and Yield of Carrot

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Hormonal and proteomic analyses of southern blight disease caused by Athelia rolfsii and root chitosan priming on Cannabis sativa in an in vitro hydroponic system

Hormonal and proteomic analyses of southern blight disease caused by Athelia rolfsii and root chitosan priming on Cannabis sativa in an in vitro hydroponic system

The Impacts of Chitosan on Plant Root Systems and Its Potential to be Used for Controlling Fungal Diseases in Agriculture

A sustainable approach in agricultural chemistry towards alleviation of plant stress through chitosan and nano-chitosan priming

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