Role of Cortisol and Testosterone in Risky Decision-Making: Deciphering Male Decision-Making in the Iowa Gambling Task

Singh, Varsha

doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.631195

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Four of these studies employed the Iowa gambling task (IGT), which includes two phases (see Table 1), uncertainty ( rst block), and risk (last block), and evaluated its connection with endogenous testosterone. However, all four studies discovered no link between endogenous testosterone and uncertain decisions in the uncertainty phase (Evans & Hampson, 2014;Reavis & Overman, 2001;Singh, 2021;Stanton et al, 2011a). Among these, in the risky phase, three of the studies observed riskier decision-making in individuals with higher endogenous testosterone levels who preferred more disadvantageous card sets (Evans & Hampson, 2014;Reavis & Overman, 2001; Stanton et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Results Of Individual Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Among these, in the risky phase, three of the studies observed riskier decision-making in individuals with higher endogenous testosterone levels who preferred more disadvantageous card sets (Evans & Hampson, 2014;Reavis & Overman, 2001; Stanton et al, 2011a). On the contrary, the fourth study (Singh, 2021) discovered that males with higher endogenous testosterone had a better decision performance in the risky phase, i.e., choosing the advantageous card set and making less risky decisions than males with lower endogenous testosterone.…”

Section: Results Of Individual Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Endogenous and Exogenous Sex Steroid Hormones and Social Hierarchy on Decision- Making: A Systematic Review

Khosravi,

Kogler,

Khosrowabadi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose: Decision-making is a complex process that factors like hormone concentration and social hierarchy can influence. The study underlines the complex interplay between hormones and social hierarchies in decision-making and the important need to consider both to understand the variety of the decision-making process. Method: The present systematic review summarizes and compares included studies that investigate the effect of sex steroid hormones (testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone) on decision-making (risky, uncertain, and social decision-making), and social hierarchy, as well as the effect of hormones and social hierarchy on decision-making. Result: The substantial evidence suggests testosterone's influence on decision-making shows gender-related variations. Endogenous testosterone isn't associated with uncertain choices, but Endogenous and exogenous testosterone correlates with riskier decisions, particularly among males. However, a non-negligible proportion of behavioral experiments revealed an inverse or non-significant association. Also, individuals with higher testosterone levels rejected unfair offers. Also, findings showed that testosterone levels, both before and after administration, were linked to social status, and elevated testosterone correlated with improved performance and greater motivation for status competition, especially in males with lower, unstable status. Conclusion: This review demonstrates the main conclusions, containing findings, hypotheses, and future research recommendations.

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Section: Results Of Individual Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Results Of Individual Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Endogenous and Exogenous Sex Steroid Hormones and Social Hierarchy on Decision- Making: A Systematic Review

Khosravi,

Kogler,

Khosrowabadi

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It should be considered that other factors may play a role as well. The study using the Iowa Gambling Task showed a joint role of cortisol and testosterone in decision-making in the Singh ( 2021 ). Specifically, cortisol impaired decision-making in trials with high uncertainty, while testosterone improved decision-making in high risk trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exogenous testosterone increased risk-taking in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) in a group of women, likely by increasing reward sensitivity while decreasing punishment sensitivity. Similarly, endogenous testosterone accounted for 11% decision-making in the uncertainty phase of the IGT (Singh, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bayesian Modeling Approach to Examine the Role of Testosterone Administration on the Endowment Effect and Risk-Taking

et al. 2022

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Financial risk-taking and loss aversion are multifaceted phenomena that are the focus of neuroscience, psychology, and economics research. A growing number of studies highlighted the role of hormones (particularly of testosterone) on socio-economic decision-making. However, the effects of testosterone on risk-taking under framing and consumer-based choices and preferences are inconclusive. We investigated the effects of 100 mg testosterone administration on aspects of decision-making within the Prospect Theory framework which is the most used descriptive model of decision-making under risk. We assessed risk-taking under framing and the endowment effect (effect of possession) using Bayesian modeling. Forty men participated in this double-blind placebo-controlled fully-randomized cross-over experiment and performed two tasks. One was a risk-taking task with binary choices under positive and negative framing associated with different probabilities. In the second task participants had to bid money for hedonic and utilitarian items. We observed a significant increase in serum testosterone concentrations after transdermal application. Compared to placebo, testosterone administration increased risk-taking under the positive framing (very large effect size) and decreased under the negative framing (moderate to small). The sensitivity to gain was positive in each framing. Our model showed that decision-making is jointly influenced by testosterone and the trade-off between gains and losses. However, while the endowment effect was more pronounced for hedonic than for utilitarian items, the effect was independent of testosterone. The findings provide novel information on the complex modulatory role of testosterone on risk-taking within the framework of prospect theory and shed light on mechanisms of behavioral economic biases. The proposed models of effects of individual differences in testosterone on risk-taking could be used as predictive models for reference-depended behavior under positive and negative framing with low and high probabilities.

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“…5 Previous studies have shown that stress with or without type 2 diabetes is associated with increased cortisol levels and lower testosterone. 6,7,8,9 CRHR1, CYP17A1, and FKBP5 are defined as stress system genes mainly expressed in the following tissues: the pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and skeletal muscle. The gene CYP17 is responsible for making an enzyme that converts cholesterol into cortisol.…”

Section: Stress Induced Cortisol Release Depresses the Secretion Of T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Induced Cortisol Release Depresses The Secretion of Testosterone in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Khan

Jannat

Shaukat

et al. 2023

Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes

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Background: Both hormonal and genetic data reveal that the stress hormone cortisol and its regulating genes may affect the level of testosterone in humans. It is uncertain whether type 2 diabetes mellitus would manifest similarly. Furthermore, a genetic strategy to screen out the stress system genes that may contribute to testosterone decline in humans is less understood. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to elucidate the link between stress and testosterone levels, both hormonally and genetically. Method: This study comprised 37 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy individuals. For the analysis of hormones and the targeted genes, we used the RIA system and bioinformatics expertise. Results: The patients had significantly elevated cortisol and lower testosterone readings, according to data from hormonal analyses. The bioinformatics approach reveals that SHBG was intracellularly suppressed by 2 defined stress system genes: FKB5 and CYP17. TCF4/TCF8, ATRX, and AR in skeletal muscle were inversely related to stress system genes. Furthermore, all testosterone regulated genes were positively linked with SHBG in the current study. A strong relationship between GNAS and PKA with CYP17 and FKBP5 reveals that the Gαs-cAMP/PKA signaling pathway may be one of the regulatory pathways through which the suppression of testosterone system genes happens. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that beyond stress, the key stress system genes might affect cortisol levels, which in turn affect testosterone figures via the Gαs-cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.

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Role of Cortisol and Testosterone in Risky Decision-Making: Deciphering Male Decision-Making in the Iowa Gambling Task

Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

The Influence of Endogenous and Exogenous Sex Steroid Hormones and Social Hierarchy on Decision- Making: A Systematic Review

The Influence of Endogenous and Exogenous Sex Steroid Hormones and Social Hierarchy on Decision- Making: A Systematic Review

A Bayesian Modeling Approach to Examine the Role of Testosterone Administration on the Endowment Effect and Risk-Taking

Stress Induced Cortisol Release Depresses The Secretion of Testosterone in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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