Role of Coxsackie B viruses in myocardial infarction.

Wood, Susy; Rogen, A. S.; Bell, Eleanor J.; Grist, N. R.

doi:10.1136/hrt.40.5.523

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In contrast, detection of a high titre may be purely coincidental. In general, however, our serological criteria based on high static titres have proved useful in clarifying the role of Coxsackie B viruses in adult heart disease (Wood et al 1978;Bell et al 1983), and our findings have been confirmed independently by other investigators (Griffiths, Hannington & Booth, 1980;O'Neill et al 1983).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

A study of Coxsackie B virus infections, 1972–1983

Bell

McCartney

1984

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThe results of a twelve-year study of Coxsackie B virus (CBV) infections in patients with a variety of acute and chronic illnesses are reported. CBVs were isolated from only 123 patients most of whom were children with respiratory illness. Virus diagnosis in adults was based mainly on the detection of significant rising or static high neutralizing antibody titres. Between 1972 and 1979 most investigations centred on patients with suspected viral heart disease, 12 % of whom were found to have diagnostically significant CBV titres. In studies on patients with definite myo-pericarditis the number positive increased to 3300. In 1980 clinical interest switched to the possible role of CBV in myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), an illness of diverse symptomatology. Investigation of suspected cases of ME in 1983 showed that 160 were serologically positive compared to 40 ofnormal adults in the West of Scotland. In patients with well-documented ME this figure rose to 41 0.The demand by clinicians for CBV neutralizing antibody tests has increased over the past twelve years and continues to escalate annually, especially in patients with chronic relapsing illness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

A study of Coxsackie B virus infections, 1972–1983

Bell

McCartney

1984

J. Hyg.

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“…The results, however, are contradictory with some studies showing a definite association (1 7-1 9), and others none (20)(21)(22)(23). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has recently been associated with increased cardiac graft rejection, coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis after cardiac transplant (24,25).…”

Section: Infection As a Risk Factor For Myocardial Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Infection as a Risk Factor for Infarction and Atherosclerosis

Valtonen

1991

Annals of Medicine

114

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A growing amount of clinical and experimental evidence suggests a link between infection and atherosclerotic diseases including both myocardial and cerebral infarction. A prime example is a greatly increased risk of stroke in septicaemic patients with and without endocarditis. Controlled clinical studies have recently shown, however, that certain other milder bacterial infections are also a risk factor for infarction. A preceding febrile respiratory infection was a major risk factor for stroke in young and middle aged patients. In patients with acute myocardial infarction Chlamydia pneumoniae and dental infections seem to be risk factors according to one controlled clinical study. Several possible mechanisms could explain the observed association of infection and infarction. For instance, infection causes a hypercoagulable state which increases the risk of thrombosis. In addition, infection has profound and harmful effects on prostaglandin and lipid metabolism. Infection may also have some role in the atherosclerotic process itself by inducing damage and inflammation in vascular endothelium in the presence of hypercholesterolemia. So far, however, little clinical evidence is available to suggest that by controlling infection the risk of infarction or development of atherosclerotic lesions might be reduced except in patients with endocarditis, where the risk of thromboembolic complications rapidly diminished when the infection is controlled with antimicrobial therapy.

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“…Cardiotropic viruses were first implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and experimental Coxsackie B4 viral infection in mice was shown to produce acute coronary arteritis (11). Encouraged by this finding, other authors sought a link between Coxsackie B virus and coronary heart disease (12–15). A recent investigation of a large number of randomly selected patients demonstrated an increase in enterovirus‐specific antibodies at the time of myocardial infarction diagnosis, thus suggesting that this virus may cause the acute coronary syndrome (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronary thrombosis and sudden death after an enteroviral infection

Calabrese

Basso

Valente

et al. 2003

APMIS

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We report the case of a 26-year-old man who died suddenly 9 days after an episode of flu. Microscopic examination of the left anterior descending coronary artery showed an eccentric fibroatheromatic plaque complicated by thrombosis, endothelial erosion and extensive T-cell and macrophage infiltration. Frozen sections of the thrombotic coronary segment, analysed for different infective agents by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR, showed positive amplification for an enteroviral genome. Enteroviral infection may play an important role in coronary plaque instability and may precipitate thrombotic occlusion.

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Role of Coxsackie B viruses in myocardial infarction.

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

A study of Coxsackie B virus infections, 1972–1983

A study of Coxsackie B virus infections, 1972–1983

Infection as a Risk Factor for Infarction and Atherosclerosis

Coronary thrombosis and sudden death after an enteroviral infection

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