Role of crystal growth modifiers in the synthesis of ZSM-12 zeolite

Muraza, Oki; Al-Mutairi, Eid M.; Ullah, Nisar

doi:10.1016/j.apt.2014.09.007

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Due mainly to the nice features like high flexibility and a hydrophilic nature, PEGs have been widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations and particle modifications [47][48][49][50]. A few literature works demonstrated that PEGs can also be used as crystal growth inhibitors/modifiers in zeolite synthesis, since they can be adsorbed on the surface of the zeolite precursors, whose space barrier plays an important role in affecting the nucleation and growth of zeolite crystals [51,52].…”

Section: Modifier Molecular Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2015, Muraza and coauthors reported that elongated cross-hexagonal crystals of ZSM-12 zeolites with an average size of 1200 nm composed of many small primary particles (around 150 nm) could be synthesized by using PEG and polyoxyethylene Brij-35 surfactant as crystal growth modifiers. They proposed that the usage of the two modifiers could suppress the nucleation of impurities, in addition to reducing the synthesis time due to the promotion of the crystallization rate of the zeolite [52].…”

Section: Modifier Molecular Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Morphology and Microstructural Optimization of Zeolite Crystals Utilizing Polymer Growth Modifiers for Enhanced Catalytic Application

Zhan,

Bi,

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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Rationally controlling the morphology and microstructure of the zeolite crystals could play a significant role in optimizing their physicochemical properties and catalytic performances for application in various zeolite-based heterogeneous catalysis processes. Among different controlling strategies, the utilization of zeolite growth modifiers (ZGMs), which are molecules capable of altering the anisotropic rates of crystal growth, is becoming a promising approach to modulate the morphology and microstructural characteristics of zeolite crystals. In this mini-review, we attempt to provide an organized overview of the recent progress in the usage of several easily available polymer-based growth modifiers in the synthesis of some commonly used microporous zeolites and to reveal their roles in controlling the morphology and various physicochemical properties of zeolite crystals during hydrothermal synthesis processes. This review is expected to provide some guidance for deeply understanding the modulation mechanisms of polymer-based zeolite growth modifiers and for appropriately utilizing such a modulation strategy to achieve precise control of the morphology and microstructure of zeolite crystals that display optimal performance in the target catalytic reactions.

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Section: Modifier Molecular Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modifier Molecular Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Microstructural Optimization of Zeolite Crystals Utilizing Polymer Growth Modifiers for Enhanced Catalytic Application

Zhan,

Bi,

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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“…Rimer and coworkers (48) introduced ZGMs by posing a classical mode of action wherein modifiers bind to sites (kinks, steps, terraces) on specific surfaces of crystals and impede the addition of solute to adjacent sites; however, the fact that zeolites grow via a combination of classical (i.e., monomer-by-monomer addition) and nonclassical pathways involving a wide variety of precursors calls into question the exact role(s) of ZGMs in zeolite nucleation and growth (49). Rimer and coworkers (50)(51)(52) and others (53)(54)(55)(56) have demonstrated the impact of modifiers on a range of zeolite frameworks that include LTL, MFI, MOR, MTW, TON, and CHA. Studies of silicalite-1 (MFI) revealed that polyamines reduce the [010] dimension of crystals, which is the principal direction for internal diffusion (52).…”

Section: Porous Catalysts Engineering Crystal Size and Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal Engineering for Catalysis

Rimer

Chawla

2018

Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng.

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Crystal engineering relies upon the ability to predictively control intermolecular interactions during the assembly of crystalline materials in a manner that leads to a desired (and predetermined) set of properties. Economics, scalability, and ease of design must be leveraged with techniques that manipulate the thermodynamics and kinetics of crystal nucleation and growth. It is often challenging to exact simultaneous control over multiple physicochemical properties, such as crystal size, habit, chirality, polymorph, and composition. Engineered materials often rely upon postsynthesis (top-down) processes to introduce properties that would otherwise be challenging to attain through direct (bottom-up) approaches. We discuss the application of crystal engineering to heterogeneous catalysts with a focus on four general themes: ( a) tailored nanocrystal size, ( b) controlled environments surrounding active sites, ( c) tuned morphology with well-defined facets, and ( d) hierarchical materials with disparate pore size and active site distributions. We focus on nonporous materials, including metals and metal oxides, and two classes of porous materials: zeolites and metal organic frameworks. We review novel synthesis methods involving synergistic experimental and computational design approaches, the challenges facing catalyst development, and opportunities for future advancement in crystal engineering.

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“…These interactions may accelerate or delay and even completely stunt growth. , Natural crystallization supplies numerous examples of how foreign compounds stimulate a variety of shapes, functionalities, and forms of the arising crystalline materials by modifying the rates of crystal nucleation and growth . Ubiquitous strategies in industry rely on modifiers to control crystallization and empower efficient practices that elicit desired final product qualities. − Examples of crystallization that endangers human life and health include the formation of kidney stones, , heme detoxification in malaria parasites, , and cholesterol plaque formation, − and compounds found to suppress these instances of pathological crystallization have been promoted to drugs for the ensuing conditions. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Mode of Action of Organic Crystal Growth Inhibitors

Chakrabarti

Vekilov

2021

Crystal Growth & Design

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Crystallization often proceeds in media with rich chemical compositions. In pursuit of insight into how foreign compounds interact with the structures and dynamics that comprise crystal growth, we explore the mechanisms employed by protoporphyrin IX to inhibit the growth of etioporphyrin I crystals. Crystals of porphyrins exhibit potential for use as organic semiconductors, solar cells, and field-effect transistors. We employ solutions in 1-octanol and combine time-resolved in-situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) with scanning electron microscopy and absorption spectroscopy. We demonstrate that protoporphyrin IX does not sequester etioporphyrin I in soluble complexes, which would lower the amount of growth-competent etioporphyrin I. We show that the microscopic and mesoscopic structures on the crystal surface and their dynamics during growth unequivocally report on the interactions of the modifier with the crystal surface. AFM observations eliminate lattice strain caused by PPIX molecules, embedded in the top crystal layer or merely bound to it, as a factor for step inhibition. The lack of long-lasting strain allows steps to revert to uninhibited growth after the inhibitor is purged. We show that an inhibitor may bind to both kinks and crystal surfaces and thus exert a dual mode of suppression. We develop an analytical model for step growth in the presence of a dual-action modifier that highlights an antagonistic element of the cooperativity of the two modes of inhibition enforced by the decline of step edge free energy after the modifier associates to kinks. Our results demonstrate that dual-action inhibitors are superior regulators of crystal growth that afford the opportunity to fine-tune the degree of inhibition required to optimize the growth and shape of crystals of interest.

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Role of crystal growth modifiers in the synthesis of ZSM-12 zeolite

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Morphology and Microstructural Optimization of Zeolite Crystals Utilizing Polymer Growth Modifiers for Enhanced Catalytic Application

Morphology and Microstructural Optimization of Zeolite Crystals Utilizing Polymer Growth Modifiers for Enhanced Catalytic Application

Crystal Engineering for Catalysis

Dual Mode of Action of Organic Crystal Growth Inhibitors

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