Role of Cu–Mg–Al Mixed Oxide Catalysts in Lignin Depolymerization in Supercritical Ethanol

Abstract

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Recent advances on the utilization of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and related heterogeneous catalysts in a lignocellulosic-feedstock biorefinery scheme

“…Catechols were obtained with high selectivity. Hensen et al [224][225][226] also reported the utilization of a solidbase catalyst, a Cu-Mg-Al mixed oxide derived from a LDH structure, for the one-step depolymerization/upgrading of lignin in the presence of supercritical ethanol. These authors found that the non-noble-metal oxide catalyst/ethanol system protects monomers and larger fragments (generated during the depolymerization process) from repolymerization (char formation) by alkylation with the solvent.…”

“…225 The combination of copper and basic sites was presented as an efficient system to catalyze the associated Guerbet and esterification reactions, producing higher alcohols and esters from ethanol. In addition, the same combination of active sites facilitates the dehydrogenation of ethanol, producing hydrogen needed for hydrogenolysis and hydrodeoxygenation reactions.…”

Heterogeneously catalyzed lignin depolymerization

“…The role of each component within a Cu-Al-Mg mixed oxide catalyst for lignin depolymerization was investigated by Jensen et al [40]. Here, ethanol participated as both solvent and an alkylation agent, reacting with higher alcohols, esters, aldehydes, ethers, and other small hydrocarbons, as shown in Fig.…”

Preparative Aspects of Supported Ni2P Catalysts for Reductive Upgrading of Technical Lignin to Aromatics

“…The promise of using alcohol solvents for lignin depolymerization has already been early recognized [8][9][10]. Homogeneous Lewis acid catalysts facilitate the deconstruction of lignin in alcohols at relatively high temperature [11].…”