Role of CXCR5+ CD8+ T cells in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection

Gao, Leiqiong; Zhou, Jing; Ye, Lilin

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.998058

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…[98][99][100] Moreover, the TCF1 + subset has also been shown to be functionally relevant in humans because it controls the expansion potential of HIV-specific CD8 T cells. 101,102 Additionally, TCF1 + HCV virus-specific CD8 T cells are long-lived, are able to differentiate upon TCR stimulation into TCF1 − cells, and persist after viral clearance. 103 TOX expression has also been described in humans.…”

Section: Cd8 T-cell Subsets and Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different exhausted subsets have been also identified: The frequency of HIV‐specific or HCV‐specific PD‐1 hi CD8 T cells correlates with disease progression and CD8 T‐cell functional impairment 98–100 . Moreover, the TCF1 + subset has also been shown to be functionally relevant in humans because it controls the expansion potential of HIV‐specific CD8 T cells 101,102 . Additionally, TCF1 + HCV virus‐specific CD8 T cells are long‐lived, are able to differentiate upon TCR stimulation into TCF1 − cells, and persist after viral clearance 103 .…”

Section: Chronic Viral Infections and T‐cell Exhaustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T‐cell heterogeneity, progenitor–progeny relationships, and function during latent and chronic viral infections

Sandu

Oxenius

2023

Immunological Reviews

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Summary Upon resolution of an acute viral infection, during latent‐reactivating infection and during chronic active infections virus‐specific T‐cells differentiate into distinct subsets that differ in phenotype, longevity, transcriptional, metabolic, and epigenetic profiles, and effector functions. With recent advances in single‐cell profiling, this substantial heterogeneity has become apparent and new subsets of virus‐specific T cells, either of stable or transitory nature, are being identified. A unifying principle of T cells emerging in these different conditions is their precursor–progeny relationship. For acute and resolved viral infections, this relationship becomes apparent during re‐challenge, whereas a constant differentiation of progenitor T cells into more differentiated cells occurs during latent‐reactivating and active chronic viral infections. In this review, we summarize and discuss current knowledge about T‐cell heterogeneity and progenitor–progeny relationships in the setting of persistent viral infections.

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Section: Cd8 T-cell Subsets and Heterogeneitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronic Viral Infections and T‐cell Exhaustionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T‐cell heterogeneity, progenitor–progeny relationships, and function during latent and chronic viral infections

Sandu

Oxenius

2023

Immunological Reviews

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“…The majority of Tfc are localized in the secondary lymphoid organs, including the LNs, spleen, and tonsils, while a very small proportion of Tfc are found in the periphery [103][104][105]. Previous studies claimed that Tfc exhibit a distinct memory phenotype (CD45RO, CD69, CD127, CD62L) [97,103], whilst these cells have a lower expression of cytotoxic transcripts (GZMA, GZMB, PRF1 and IFNG) compared to CXCX5 − cells [106,107]. The lack of correlation between high cytokine secretion and low cytotoxic gene expression may be attributed to the disconnect between protein expression and gene expression, which could arise from differences in turnover time.…”

Section: Cd8 + T Cells In Lymph Nodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, further investigation is still needed for validation. Notably, these cells are less functionally exhausted as they do not express inhibitory receptors (Tim-3 and 2B4) [106] and express a lower level of CCR7 than CXCR5 − cells [100], whilst the expression of PD-1 is variable between studies [100,[106][107][108]. These cells are capable of self-renewal and rapid proliferation [107].…”

Section: Cd8 + T Cells In Lymph Nodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, these cells are less functionally exhausted as they do not express inhibitory receptors (Tim-3 and 2B4) [106] and express a lower level of CCR7 than CXCR5 − cells [100], whilst the expression of PD-1 is variable between studies [100,[106][107][108]. These cells are capable of self-renewal and rapid proliferation [107]. A number of studies have shown that the differentiation and function of Tfc are regulated by various transcription factors, including TCF1, Bcl6, Id2, and Blimp1.…”

Section: Cd8 + T Cells In Lymph Nodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissecting the Protective Effect of CD8+ T Cells in Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and the Potential Link with Lymph Node CD8+ T Cells

Chen

Venturi

Munier

2023

Biology

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SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have played a crucial role in effectively reducing COVID-19 disease severity, with a new generation of vaccines that use messenger RNA (mRNA) technology being administered globally. Neutralizing antibodies have featured as the heroes of vaccine-induced immunity. However, vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cells may have a significant impact on the early protective effects of the mRNA vaccine, which are evident 12 days after initial vaccination. Vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells have been shown to respond to multiple epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 and exhibit polyfunctionality in the periphery at the early stage, even when neutralizing antibodies are scarce. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce diverse subsets of memory CD8+ T cells that persist for more than six months following vaccination. However, the protective role of CD8+ T cells in response to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines remains a topic of debate. In addition, our understanding of CD8+ T cells in response to vaccination in the lymph nodes, where they first encounter antigen, is still limited. This review delves into the current knowledge regarding the protective role of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells in controlling the virus, the response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, and the contribution to supporting B cell activity and promoting immune protection in the lymph nodes.

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Multi-omics analysis of SIV-specific CD8+ T cells in multiple anatomical sites

Simpson,

Dulek,

Schaughency

et al. 2024

PLoS Pathog

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CD8+ T cells exert immunological pressure against immunodeficiency lentiviruses. In previous studies, we examined the TCR repertoire of CD8+ T cells specific for a single SIV immunodominant epitope, Gag-CM9, throughout SIV infection or after vaccination, and across multiple anatomic sites. We identified both tissue specific TCR sequences and TCRs shared by multiple anatomical sites. Here we use single cell RNA sequencing to evaluate if the tissue localization or TCR sequence of a CM9-specific CD8+ T cell corresponds with unique transcriptomics. CM9-specific CD8+ T cells were sorted from blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and liver from SIV infected rhesus macaques with progressive SIV infection and in animals who spontaneously control SIV replication after cessation of antiretroviral therapy. The cells were processed through a single cell sequencing protocol, creating a TCR amplified library and an RNA gene expression library corresponding to individual cells. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed no distinct transcriptional profiles for CM9 specific CD8+ T cells between different anatomical sites and between cells with shared or tissue specific TCRs. Similarly, no clear transcriptional profiles were associated with clonotypes which were shared across individual animals. However, CM9 specific CD8+ T cells from posttreatment controllers did exhibit enrichment of pathways associated with cellular activation compared to progressively infected animals, suggesting that altered transcription in distinct cellular pathways in antigen specific CD8+ T cells may associate with viral control. Together, these studies represent a thorough analysis of the relationship between anatomical and clonal origin, and the transcriptional profile of antigen specific CD8+ T cells and unravel pathways that may be important for CD8+ T cell mediated control of SIV replication.

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Role of CXCR5+ CD8+ T cells in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 112 publications

T‐cell heterogeneity, progenitor–progeny relationships, and function during latent and chronic viral infections

T‐cell heterogeneity, progenitor–progeny relationships, and function during latent and chronic viral infections

Dissecting the Protective Effect of CD8+ T Cells in Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and the Potential Link with Lymph Node CD8+ T Cells

Multi-omics analysis of SIV-specific CD8+ T cells in multiple anatomical sites

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