Role of Decomposers in Agricultural Waste Management

Abstract

In this chapter, agricultural waste residue management by bio-organisms is discussed along with different types of decomposition processes. Tons of agricultural wastes are produced every year. These agricultural wastes create major environmental problems without effective means of management methods. There are many technologies being used for the decomposition, which mainly include anaerobic decomposition, compositing, fermentation, etc. All these decomposition processes depend upon the different soil-inhabiting microbes. These microbes are the key components of agri-residue decomposition process. Every step of decomposition requires different microbes. Various sets of catalytical enzymes are involved for the catabolic procedures of organic matter. By successive catabolic reactions, all the organic matters are mineralized into soil essential constituents, which will be the most effective sources of macro- and micronutrients for the soil fertility. Working efficiency of these microbes depends upon different parameters like moisture, temperature, pH, etc. The vitality and efficiency of microbes can be enhanced by using various inert carriers. If the efficiency of these soil microbes enhances by various factors, then the rate of decomposition could be enhanced to handle this ever-increasing problem of agriculture residue in near future.

Utilization of Microbes for Sustainable Agriculture: Review

“…Soil microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, and actinomycetes are crucial in maintaining agriculture sustainability [19,20]. The soil microbes are essential for breaking down organic matter, recycling nutrients, increasing mineral solubilization, fixing nitrogen [21]. Decomposition is a microbe-mediated process.…”

Effect of Rice Straw Management on Growth Attributes of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

“…There are a variety of bio-decomposers such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, etc. and they are capable to degrade cellulose by depolymerizing celluloses which hydrolyze lignocelluloses [5]. Therefore, the rice straw management practices could be a rational approach in order to cultivate crops like potato sustainably and efficiently handling the crop residues.…”

Lignocellulosic Biomass-Derived Nanocellulose Crystals as Fillers in Membranes for Water and Wastewater Treatment: A Review

“…There are three main types of biomass waste: agricultural residue, forest residue, and industrial residue from the wood industry, the food industry, the pulp and paper industry, and municipal solid waste and sewage. The production of agricultural waste worldwide is valued at approximately 998 million tonnes yearly [ 33 ]. Agricultural residues are categorized into four main groups, namely crop residues (bagasse, leaves, peel, straw, stem, shell, stalk, husk, pulp, and stubble, etc.…”