Role of DNA methylation in imprinting disorders: an updated review

Elhamamsy, Amr

doi:10.1007/s10815-017-0895-5

Cited by 121 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…DNA methylation is one of the most extensively studied epigenetic modifications of genomic DNA. Numerous DNA methylation studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation is critical in many regulatory processes such as silencing of gene expression, cellular differentiation, transposon mobility, genome stability, and genomic imprinting (Bewick and Schmitz, 2017;Elhamamsy, 2017;Niederhuth and Schmitz, 2017;Yaish, 2017;Bartels et al, 2018;Bräutigam and Cronk, 2018;Zhang et al, 2018). Much effort has been paid to characterize variation of DNA methylation across different biological samples, developmental stages, and disease status (Zhang et al 2006b;Dinh et al, 2012;Breuil-Broyer et al, 2016;Hewezi et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2018), however, changes in DNA methylation patterns associated with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing have not been explored yet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Footprints of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Plants

et al. 2020

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CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely applied to various plant species accelerating the pace of plant genome editing and precision breeding in crops. Unintended effects beyond offtarget nucleotide mutations are still somewhat unexplored. We investigated the degree and patterns of epigenetic changes after gene editing. We examined changes in DNA methylation in genome-edited promoters of naturally hypermethylated genes (AT1G72350 and AT1G09970) and hypomethylated genes (AT3G17320 and AT5G28770) from Arabidopsis. Transgenic plants were developed via Agrobacteriummediated floral dip transformation. Homozygous edited lines were selected from segregated T 2 plants by an in vitro digestion assay using ribonucleoprotein complex. Bisulfite sequencing comparisons were made between paired groups of edited and nonedited plants to identify changes in DNA methylation of the targeted loci. We found that directed mutagenesis via CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in no unintended morphological or epigenetic alterations. Phenotypes of wild-type, transgenic empty vector, and transgenic edited plants were similar. Epigenetic profiles revealed that methylation patterns of promoter regions flanking target sequences were identical among wild-type, transgenic empty vector, and transgenic edited plants. There was no effect of mutation type on epigenetic status. We also evaluated off-target mutagenesis effects in the edited plants. Potential off-target sites containing up to 4-bp mismatch of each target were sequenced. No off-target mutations were detected in candidate sites. Our results showed that CRISPR/Cas9 did not leave an epigenetic footprint on either the immediate geneedited DNA and flanking DNA or introduce off-target mutations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Footprints of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Plants

et al. 2020

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“…The epigenetic changes can be inheritable or environmental in nature and refer to changes which are in themselves reversible in nature. The epigenetic effects may give rise to phenotypical differentiated cells and tissues within an organism [2] [3].…”

Section: A Basic Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is an epigenetic route of modulating gene expression. Imprinting is a hereditary influence that is either a maternal or paternal epigenetic altering factor which pertains to the modified gene expression [2] [3].…”

Section: A General Introduction On Imprintingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Defects, disorders or relaxation in the imprinting process give a loss of imprinting on loci which are dependent on this process. In turn, this gives rise to rare diseases which affect growth, development, behaviour and metabolism which are associated with epigenetic distortion of imprinting genes[2].1.2.4. Histone ModificationAcetylation and methylation of histones are the commonest types of histone modification.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Epigenetics and Depression: A Rabbit Hole of Discovery

Pace¹,

Blundell²

2018

OJGen

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"After this, there is no turning back. You take the blue pill-the story ends, you wake up in your bed and believe whatever you want to believe. You take the red pill-you stay in Wonderland, and I show you how deep the rabbit hole goes. Remember: all I'm offering is the truth." Epigenetics is a bit like the red pill-the more it is researched the further down the rabbit hole we are going-the realisation that my choices today as my parents' and grandparents' choices yesterday influence who I am now and who I am going to be tomorrow. Through the study of gene influencers, scientists are discovering that it is not only the DNA that makes us but which portion of is selected for use that tells us who we are. In the field of depression, epigenetics is still in its infancy, nonetheless significant connections have been uncovered. This paper gives a brief overview on epigenetics and the different mechanisms correlated with it. It also discusses factors affecting an individual's epigenetic patterns and the effect of epigenetics itself. It specifically delves into the epigenetic effects on psychiatry, mainly depression, depressive symptoms and antidepressant treatments and the mediation of mechanism of action of the epigenetic modifications involved.

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“…These genes include imprinted genes that display different types of DNA methylation depending on their parental origin, leading to parental-allele-specific gene expression during development. Genome imprinting plays a key role in maintaining normal embryogenesis (Elhamamsy, 2017). In cattle, genomic reprogramming has been shown to be associated with an increase in the expression of transposable elements (TEs), specifically from a subclass of these elements called retrotransposons (Bui et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oocyte related factors impacting on embryo quality: relevance for in vitro embryo production

Nuttinck

2018

Anim Reprod

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The outcome of pregnancy is closely linked to early events that occur during the onset of embryogenesis. The first stages in embryonic development are mainly governed by the storage of maternal factors present in the oocyte at the time of fertilisation. In this review, we outline the different classes of oocyte transcripts that may be involved in activation of the embryonic genome as well as those associated with epigenetic reprogramming, imprinting maintenance or the control of transposon mobilisation during preimplantation development. We also report the influence of cumulus-oocyte crosstalk during the maturation process on the oocyte transcriptome and how in vitro procedures can affect these interactions.

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Role of DNA methylation in imprinting disorders: an updated review

Cited by 121 publications

References 165 publications

Epigenetic Footprints of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Plants

Epigenetic Footprints of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Plants

Epigenetics and Depression: A Rabbit Hole of Discovery

Oocyte related factors impacting on embryo quality: relevance for in vitro embryo production

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