Role of dopamine D1-like receptor within the nucleus accumbens in acute food deprivation- and drug priming-induced reinstatement of morphine seeking in rats

Food deprivation facilitates reinstatement of morphine‐induced conditioned place preference: Role of intra‐accumbal dopamine D2‐like receptors in associating reinstatement of morphine CPP with stress

“…Accordingly, Bechara et al(1992) reported that DAergic neuron involved in rewarding effects when state of deprivation are existed in animals (Bechara et al, ). Our findings in current study complement our earlier study pointing to the involvement of intra‐accumbal D1‐like receptors in the ineffective morphine dose+ FD‐induced reinstatement of morphine CPP in rats (Sadeghzadeh et al, ). However, it remains to be explained how two kinds of DA receptors act in this capacity.…”

“…These systems include neuronal projections from DAergic cell in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) that is found by a predominant localization of DA D2 receptors (Gerfen, ; Koob and Bloom, ; Missale et al, ). The growing evidence has shown that DAergic receptors within the NAc are found to be crucial in the rewarding response of opiates, drug‐ and stress‐induced reinstatement of drug seeking (Ikemoto and Panksepp, ; Sadeghzadeh et al, ; Zhang et al, ). Several lines of evidence also have suggested that the reinstatement of drug‐seeking behaviors is mediated by DA receptors (Dai et al, ; Gilbert et al, ; Ma et al, ; See et al, ).…”

“…It has been reported that priming‐ and stress‐induced reinstatement of drug seeking can be attenuated by systemic injections of the mixed DA receptor antagonist, Flupenthixol (Shaham and Stewart, ). Moreover, DA receptors seem to contribute to FD stress‐induced reinstatement of drug seeking (Ashby et al, ; Sadeghzadeh et al, ; Tobin et al, ). All of this suggests the possible role of dopamine receptors in the mediation of priming‐ and stress‐induced reinstatement of drug seeking.…”

Role of Orexin-1 Receptor Within the Ventral Tegmental Area in Mediating Stress- and Morphine Priming-Induced Reinstatement of Conditioned Place Preference in Rats

“…After the conditioning procedure, the animals were located in the CPP apparatus (on days 6-13) in a drug-free state (extinction period) and CPP scores were calculated every day ( Figure 1A). Extinction was accomplished when there was a lack of significant differences in CPP scores between 2 consecutive days in the extinction period and the pre-conditioning day (Sadeghzadeh et al, 2015;Ebrahimian et al, 2016). After a 24-h "off" period following the attainment of extinction criterion, the Reinstatement-test was performed by injection of a morphine priming (ineffective dose; 1 mg/kg, SC) or FSS ( Figure 1B and C) before locating animals in the CPP apparatus with free access to all compartments.…”

“…The reinstatement Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) model has been widely used in many laboratories as an animal model of relapse to drug seeking (See, Fuchs, Ledford, & Mclaghlin, 2003;Shaham, Shalev, Lu, De Wit, & Stewart; that induced by stress, drug priming, or drug-associated cues after an extinction period (Parker & Mcdonald, 2000;Lu et al, 2002;Sadeghzadeh, Babapour, & Haghparast;2015). Recently, growing evidence has shown that orexins are associated with numerous elements of addiction such as reward-related and drug-seeking behaviors (Harris, Wimmer, & Aston-Jones, 2005;Ebrahimian et al, 2016).…”