Role of Economic Instability, Political Instability, and Foreign Job Opportunities on Brain Drain: Perception of Business Students

Abstract

Brain drains are a major reason for worry for migrant-sending countries. The current study will examine the impact of economic instability, political instability and foreign job opportunities on the brain drain in a developing country like Pakistan. The primary data was collected for this study through the adopted questionnaire with the help of Google Forms. The non-probability sampling strategies, i.e., convenience and snowball sampling used due to the large population of major cities in Pakistan. A total of 250 recent business graduates were requested to complete the questionnaire, and for the data analysis, Smart PLS version 3 was used. The findings of the study revealed that all three independent variables, including economic instability, political instability and foreign job opportunities, have a positive and significant impact on the brain drain of the business graduates of Pakistan. This study revealed that three key variables are important and the major cause of brain drain. The country’s top management should take practical steps to address that issue in future policies and encourage the youth of Pakistan to serve the country immediately after completion of education. Our study contributes to save human capital for the betterment of nation specially in developing countries.

Youth Unemployment and Social Stability: Investigating the Linkages and Possible Solutions in the Context of Pakistan

“…Youth unemployment has significant implications for the individual well-being of young people in Pakistan. Malokani et al, (2022) discuss the psychological impact of unemployment on young people, including feelings of depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Furthermore, Uddin and Rahman (2023) highlight the negative effects of unemployment on physical health outcomes, such as increased risk of substance abuse and poor health behaviors among unemployed youth.…”