Role of electrolyte pH on structural and magnetic properties of Co–Fe films

Köçkar, Hakan; Alper, Mürsel; Sahin, T.; Karaağaç, Öznur

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2009.10.058

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Several types of magnetic materials, including alloys [1], multilayer films [2] and multilayer nanowires [3,4], have been used in a lot of studies in recent years. There are a lot of advantages in focusing on magnetic thin films since their applications are rapidly expanding in technology [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Corresponding Magnetic Properties of Sputtered Ni/Al Multilayer Films: Effect of Ni Layer Thickness

2018

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A series of Ni/Al multilayers with different thicknesses of Ni layers was produced by a sputtering technique. The deposition parameters of optimum magnetic properties for write heads were detected by scanning the magnetic layer thickness from 0 to 70 nm. The optimum magnetic properties were decided by obtaining the saturation magnetization, Ms, coercivity, Hc and Ms/Hc ratios from the hysteresis loops. A face centered cubic (fcc) structure was established for all films. Transition surface morphology; i.e., a surface morphology between an apical + uneven structure (observed for the mono layered Al film) and an acicular + relatively smooth structure (observed for the films with Ni layer thicknesses of 30 nm and 70 nm) occurred on the surface of the film with Ni layer thickness of 10 nm. This transition surface morphology was very similar to that of the substrate as compared to the other morphologies and it may lead to relatively lower Hc value. A significant increase in Hc value was detected for Ni/Al film with Ni layer thickness of 70 nm. The increase was attributed to the irregular acicular morphology of substrate and high crystallite size of Al fcc (111). The deposition parameters of 8[Ni(10 nm)/Al(10 nm)] multilayer can be considered in order to support the higher Ms/Hc ratio which has a key role for effective technological applications of write heads.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Corresponding Magnetic Properties of Sputtered Ni/Al Multilayer Films: Effect of Ni Layer Thickness

2018

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“…We also found that the plating process for the DES-based bath has much higher efficiency compared with those for the aqueous plating baths. [14][15][16] We evaluated the effect of the amount of the FeCl 2 Á4H 2 O on magnetic properties of the films in order to investigate the changes in the saturation magnetization against the film composition systematically. Figure 4 shows the changes in the saturation magnetization and coercivity of the electroplated Fe-Co films as a function of the Fe content.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although many studies on Fe-Co films prepared from aqueous solutions have been carried out, the reported values of the current efficiency were relatively low (60%-90%). [14][15][16] From our results for the Fe and the Fe-Ni films prepared from the DES-based bath, we expected to obtain high current efficiency for the Fe-Co films by using the DES in a plating process. In this study, we plated Fe-Co films from DESbased bath and investigated the magnetic properties of the films and the current efficiency for the plating process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Magnetic Fe-Co films electroplated in a deep-eutectic-solvent-based plating bath

Yanai

Shiraishi

Watanabe

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physics

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We fabricated Fe-Co films from a deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based plating bath and investigated magnetic properties of the plated films. The plating baths were obtained by stirring the mixture of choline chloride, ethylene glycol, FeCl 2 Á4H 2 O, and CoCl 2 Á6H 2 O. The composition of the plated films depended on the amount of FeCl 2 Á4H 2 O in the plating bath, and Fe content of the films was varied from 0 to 100 at. %. Depending on the Fe content, the saturation magnetization and the coercivity of the films varied. The Fe 76 Co 24 film shows high saturation magnetization and smooth surface, and the change in the saturation magnetization shows good agreement with the expected change by the Slater-Pauling curve. High current efficiency (>90%) could be obtained in the wide film composition. From these results, we concluded that the DES-based plating bath is one of effective baths for the Fe-Co films with high current efficiency. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.

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“…4, the electrical charge that evolves during the cobalt electrodeposition process was estimated by calculating the area under the dissolution curves. Usually, anodic polarization curves can be used to estimate the material thickness according to Faraday's law [16,17]; however, since CVD graphene/SiO 2 /Si has certain structural defects and discontinuities [14,18], estimation of the cobalt thicknesses using this material could be erroneous. That is why in Fig.…”

Section: Morphological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ magnetization measurements and ex-situ morphological analysis of electrodeposited cobalt onto chemical vapor deposition graphene/SiO₂/Si

Franco¹,

Castro²,

Corredor³

et al. 2017

Carbon letters

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Cobalt was electrodeposited onto chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene/Si/SiO 2 substrates, during different time intervals, using an electrolyte solution containing a low concentration of cobalt sulfate. The intention was to investigate the details of the deposition process (and the dissolution process) and the resulting magnetic properties of the Co deposits on graphene. During and after electrodeposition, in-situ magnetic measurements were performed using an (AGFM). These were followed by ex situ morphological analysis of the samples with ∆t DEP 30 and 100 s by atomic force microscopy in the non-contact mode on pristine CVD graphene/SiO 2 /Si. We demonstrate that it is possible to electrodeposit Co onto graphene, and that in-situ magnetic measurements can also help in understanding details of the deposition process itself. The results show that the Co deposits are ferromagnetic with decreasing coercivity (H C ) and demonstrate increasing magnetization on saturation (M SAT ) and electric signal proportional to remanence (M r ), as a function of the amount of the electrodeposited Co. It was also found that, after the end of the dissolution process, a certain amount of cobalt remains on the graphene in oxide form (this was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), as suggested by the magnetic measurements. This oxide tends to exhibit a limited asymptotic amount when cycling through the deposition/dissolution process for increasing deposition times, possibly indicating that the oxidation process is similar to the graphene surface chemistry.

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Role of electrolyte pH on structural and magnetic properties of Co–Fe films

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Structural and Corresponding Magnetic Properties of Sputtered Ni/Al Multilayer Films: Effect of Ni Layer Thickness

Structural and Corresponding Magnetic Properties of Sputtered Ni/Al Multilayer Films: Effect of Ni Layer Thickness

Magnetic Fe-Co films electroplated in a deep-eutectic-solvent-based plating bath

In-situ magnetization measurements and ex-situ morphological analysis of electrodeposited cobalt onto chemical vapor deposition graphene/SiO₂/Si

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Role of electrolyte pH on structural and magnetic properties of Co–Fe films

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Structural and Corresponding Magnetic Properties of Sputtered Ni/Al Multilayer Films: Effect of Ni Layer Thickness

Structural and Corresponding Magnetic Properties of Sputtered Ni/Al Multilayer Films: Effect of Ni Layer Thickness

Magnetic Fe-Co films electroplated in a deep-eutectic-solvent-based plating bath

In-situ magnetization measurements and ex-situ morphological analysis of electrodeposited cobalt onto chemical vapor deposition graphene/SiO2/Si

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Product

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In-situ magnetization measurements and ex-situ morphological analysis of electrodeposited cobalt onto chemical vapor deposition graphene/SiO₂/Si