Role of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants in risk of six cancers: evidence from the Mendelian randomization study

Abstract

Background: Although oxidative stress is known to contribute to cancer, and endogenous and exogenous antioxidants are thought to prevent tumorigenesis by suppressing oxidative stress-induced DNA damage, antioxidants have also been reported to show negative effects on tumor formation, necessitating characterization of the causal associations between antioxidants and cancer risk.Methods: In this study, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, primarily inverse-variance weighted MR, was used to assess the causal effect of six endogenous and five exogenous diet-derived antioxidants on the risk of six cancers. MR-Egger intercept test and Cochran’s Q statistic were utilized to assess pleiotropy and heterogeneity, respectively.Results: For endogenous antioxidants, a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis was conducted. Our findings suggested that serum albumin has a negative causal association with the risk of prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68–0.91, p = 0.001]. The risks of the six cancers showed no significant associations with endogenous antioxidants in the converse MR analysis. For exogenous antioxidants, the unidirectional two-sample MR analysis exhibited a nominal relationship between the serum retinol level and non-small-cell lung cancer risk (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.11–0.76, p = 0.011).Conclusions: Thus, our study revealed the protective effects of genetic susceptibility to high circulating albumin levels on prostate cancer, providing potential targeted interventions for prostate cancer prevention.

Methanol extract of Isodon ternifolius (D. Don) KUDO leaves has antimicrobial and antioxidant activities but no neuroprotective activity.

“…Oxidative stress is a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of different chronic diseases (Kiran et al, 2023;Husain et al, 2023). The exogenous intake of antioxidants as a dietary supplement can decrease oxidative damage (Bouayed and Bohn, 2010;Zhu et al, 2023). Besides plants' flavonoids, phenolics and other phytoconstituents have been reported to exert numerous biological activities, including anti-tumour, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant actions (Gauri et al, 2016;Ullah et al, 2020;Bagchi, 2021;Ghosh et al, 2022;Acharya et al, 2022a, b;Bee et al, 2023;Jakkana and Yamala, 2024).…”

Elucidating causal relationships of diet-derived circulating antioxidants and the risk of osteoporosis: A Mendelian randomization study

“…Specifically, Mendelian randomization (MR) is a powerful analytical method that uses genetic variation to study the causal impacts of risk factors on traits ( Lawlor et al, 2008 ; Evans and Davey Smith, 2015 ; Burgess et al, 2019 ). Previous research using MR analysis has suggested possible causal links between levels of circulating antioxidants and a range of health conditions ( Ni et al, 2023 ; Tang et al, 2023 ; Zhu et al, 2023 ; Chen et al, 2024 ; Zou et al, 2024 ). The primary objective of this study was to investigate the causal connection between diet-derived circulating antioxidants and the risk of OP.…”