Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: Correlation With Surgical Histopathology

Updates and Critical Evaluation on Novel Biomarkers for the Malignant Progression of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas

“…Unfortunately, CEA cannot discern benign from malignant cysts (19). Moreover, it is reported to be equally raised in mucinous cystic neoplasms and in 30% of the samples it is low (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Therefore, the evaluation of serum CEA level is preferred.…”

Pancreatic cystic lesions: How endoscopic ultrasound morphology and endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration help unlock the diagnostic puzzle

“…During EUS exams, an endoscopic view of the papilla should be always done to exclude mucin extruding from the patulous papilla (fish mouth papilla), which is diagnostic of IPMN [38] , although this phenomenon is present in only 30% of cases, almost all of which with MD or MIX IPMN [15] . Pais et al [54] showed that in 74 operated patients, EUS features of a solid lesion, a dilated main pancreatic duct, ductal filling defects and thickened septa were predictive of malignancy in IPMNs.…”

Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumors of the Pancreas: Biology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

“…Maire et al [91] showed, in 41 patients with IPMN, that a CEA level Ͼ200 ng/ml has a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the diagnosis of malignant IPMN of 90%, 71%, 50%, and 96%, respectively. However, another study showed that neither CEA nor cancer antigen 19 -9 were useful to distinguish malignant IPMN from benign IPMN (n ϭ 75) [92]. In summary, the role of tumor markers is still not clear, but if any, CEA seems to be the first choice.…”