Role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide—F, ndothelin balance in contrast medium—induced acute renal vasoconstriction in dogs

Influence of the viscosity of iodixanol on medullary and cortical blood flow in the rat kidney: a potential cause of nephrotoxicity

“…22 Evidence has now accumulated showing that contrast media induce a transient decline of total renal blood flow. 23,24 According to Brezis and Rosen, this hypoper- fusion may induce hypoxic injury to the medulla. 6 None of the contrast media tested showed any significant effect on IMBF or OMBF except for iodixanol, which reduced these parameters by nearly 50%.…”

Pathophysiology of contrast medium–induced nephropathy

“…An involvement of endothelin in CIN appears likely due to the enhanced endothelin levels in plasma and urine, which is observed after radiocontrast application [69][70][71]. In addition, the transcription and release of endothelin from endothelial cells is enhanced by contrast media (for review see [72]).…”

The Pathogenesis, Outcomes, and Prevention of Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

“…It is well established that delivery of hyperosmolar solution to the renal vasculature results in a biphasic change in renal blood flow (RBF) (Arakawa et al, 1996;Arend et al, 1987;Bagnis et al, 1997;Bakris and Burnett, 1985;Bakris et al, 1990bBakris et al, , 1999Deray et al, 1990;Heyman et al, 1988Heyman et al, , 1989Katzberg et al, 1983;Larson et al, 1983;Margulies et al, 1990;Murphy et al, 1998;Schiantarelli et al, 1973;Vari et al, 1988) (Figure 3). After the administration of hyperosmolar solution, there is an initial transient increase in RBF and GFR, followed by a prolonged decrease.…”