Role of envelopes of gram‐negative bacteria in cadmium binding and toxicity

Bauda, Pascale; Block, J. C.

doi:10.1002/tox.2540050105

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…The lack of sensitivity of Gram-negative bacteria towards cadmium (e.g. 15 min EC 50 V. fischeri 36.08 mg Cd/l, [16]) has been reported by many authors [16,24,36] and attributed to the presence of exopolysaccharides on the outer layer of the bacteria membrane, which have been found to adsorb and trap cadmium [36].…”

Section: Sensitivity Of Bacterial Tests -Comparison To D Magnamentioning

confidence: 96%

Sensitivity of bacterial vs. acute Daphnia magna toxicity tests to metals

et al. 2009

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the sensitivity of two bacterial tests commonly used in metal toxicity screening — the Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition test and the Pseudomonas putida growth inhibition test — in comparison to the standard acute Daphnia magna test, and to estimate applicability of the selected methods to the toxicity testing of environmental samples. The D. magna acute test proved to be more sensitive to cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) than the two bacterial assays, whereas P. putida seems to be the most sensitive species to lead (Pb). Manganese appears to be slightly toxic to D. magna and non-toxic to the two selected bacteria. This leads to the conclusion that even in regions with high background concentrations, manganese would not act as a confounding factor. Low sensitivity of V. fischeri to heavy metals questions its applicability as the first screening method in assessing various environmental samples. Therefore, it is not advisable to replace D. magna with bacterial species for metal screening tests. P. putida, V. fischeri and/or other bacterial tests should rather be applied in a complex battery of ecotoxicological tests, as their tolerance to heavy metals can unravel other potentially present toxic substances and mixtures, undetectable by metal-sensitive species.

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Section: Sensitivity Of Bacterial Tests -Comparison To D Magnamentioning

confidence: 96%

Sensitivity of bacterial vs. acute Daphnia magna toxicity tests to metals

et al. 2009

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“…Finally, microorganisms may respond differently to the attacks by heavy metals. The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria acts passively as a barrier toward metals, as has been shown by Bauda and Block (1990) with cadmium. But other bacteria have adapted to high concentrations of metal ions, acquiring resistances that can be governed by plasmid-encoded mechanisms in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria (Kelly and Reanney, 1984;Trevors et al, 1985;Nieto et al, 1987;Schmidt et al, 1991;Tsai et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Using the metabolic capacity of rhodobacter sphaeroides to assess heavy metal toxicity

Balsalobre

Calonge

Jiménez

et al. 1993

Environ. Toxicol. Water Qual.

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Heavy metals can produce differential toxic effects on bacterial growth depending on the kind of metabolism the cells are using in relation to oxygen. Rhodobacter sphaeroides is a purple, nonsulfur, photosynthetic, gram-negative bacterium that grows preferentially in anaerobic conditions acting as a photoheterotroph, but it can also behave as a photoautotroph. In aerobic conditions, this microorganism has a chemoheterotrophic metabolism. Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism may differ in their susceptibility to heavy metal toxicity. The metabolic duality of R . sphueroides allowed us to assay this issue.After incubation of R . sphaeroides, several indicators of bacterial growth such as optical density, dissolved oxygen concentration, protein content, and pigment content were determined. The parameter values obtained showed that the inhibitory effect exerted by zinc and cadmium on R . sphueroides was stronger in aerobic conditions than in anaerobic ones. Microbial growth was considerably reduced when heavy metal concentration was higher than 1 mg L-'. Besides, R . sphaerozdes was quite tolerant to copper. Cultures to which copper was added from 0.01 to 10 mg L-' showed a relatively constant growth, both in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Thus, we have shown that assessment of heavy metal toxicity using bacterial tests must take into account that bacteria may react in a different way when grown in anaerobic environments.

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“…Whereas, numerous study have reported, Gram-negative bacteria is less sensitive towards Cd 2+ . The outer layer of the bacteria membrane is made of exo-polysaccharides which are able to adsorb and trap Cadmium [ 46 , 47 , 48 ]. Data in the previous study further supported the least metal toxicities of Cd 2+ in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Joint Effect of Acute and Chronic Toxicity for Combined Assessment of Heavy Metals on Photobacterium sp.NAA-MIE

Adnan

Halmi

Gani

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Predicting the crucial effect of single metal pollutants against the aquatic ecosystem has been highly debatable for decades. However, dealing with complex metal mixtures management in toxicological studies creates a challenge, as heavy metals may evoke greater toxicity on interactions with other constituents rather than individually low acting concentrations. Moreover, the toxicity mechanisms are different between short term and long term exposure of the metal toxicant. In this study, acute and chronic toxicity based on luminescence inhibition assay using newly isolated Photobacterium sp.NAA-MIE as the indicator are presented. Photobacterium sp.NAA-MIE was exposed to the mixture at a predetermined ratio of 1:1. TU (Toxicity Unit) and MTI (Mixture Toxic Index) approach presented the mixture toxicity of Hg2+ + Ag+, Hg2+ + Cu2+, Ag+ + Cu2+, Hg2+ + Ag+ + Cu2+, and Cd2+ + Cu2+ showed antagonistic effect over acute and chronic test. Binary mixture of Cu2+ + Zn2+ was observed to show additive effect at acute test and antagonistic effect at chronic test while mixture of Ni2+ + Zn2+ showing antagonistic effect during acute test and synergistic effect during chronic test. Thus, the strain is suitable and their use as bioassay to predict the risk assessment of heavy metal under acute toxicity without abandoning the advantage of chronic toxicity extrapolation.

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Role of envelopes of gram‐negative bacteria in cadmium binding and toxicity

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Sensitivity of bacterial vs. acute Daphnia magna toxicity tests to metals

Sensitivity of bacterial vs. acute Daphnia magna toxicity tests to metals

Using the metabolic capacity of rhodobacter sphaeroides to assess heavy metal toxicity

Comparison of Joint Effect of Acute and Chronic Toxicity for Combined Assessment of Heavy Metals on Photobacterium sp.NAA-MIE

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