Role of extracellular and intracellular microRNAs in sepsis

Essandoh, Kobina; Fan, Guo-Chang

doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.07.021

Cited by 110 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…They confirmed that septic platelet-derived exosomes contain NOS, which can generate NO in exosomes and induce NO production in the heart. More recently, numerous studies have profiled circulating exosomal miRNAs in septic patients [63]. Specifically, the levels of exosomal miR-223 are significantly lower in the blood of non-survival septic patients, compared with survivors [94].…”

Section: Pathological Effects Of Exosomes On Cardiac Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic function and therapeutic potential of exosomes in cardiovascular disease

Ailawadi

Wang

et al. 2015

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Diseas

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237

184

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The heart is a very complex conglomeration of organized interactions between various different cell types that all aid in facilitating myocardial function through contractility, sufficient perfusion, and cell-to-cell reception. In order to make sure all features of the heart work effectively, it is imperative to have a well-controlled communication system among the different types of cells. One of the most important ways the heart regulates itself is by the use of extracellular vesicles, more specifically, exosomes. Exosomes are types of nano-vesicles, naturally released from living cells. They are believed to play a critical role in intercellular communication through the means of certain mechanisms including direct cell-to-cell contact, long-range signals as well as electrical and extracellular chemical molecules. Exosomes contain many unique features like surface proteins/receptors, lipids, mRNAs, microRNAs, transcription factors and other proteins. Recent studies indicate that the exosomal contents are highly regulated by various stress and disease conditions, in turn reflective of the parent cell status. At present, exosomes are well appreciated to be involved in the process of tumor and infection disease. However, the research on cardiac exosomes is just emerging. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the pathologic effects of exosomes on cardiac remodeling under stress and disease conditions, including cardiac hypertrophy, peripartum cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and sepsis-induced cardiovascular dysfunction. In addition, the cardio-protective effects of stress-preconditioned exosomes and stem cell-derived exosomes are also summarized. Finally, we discuss how to epigenetically reprogram exosome contents in host cells which makes them beneficial for the heart.

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Section: Pathological Effects Of Exosomes On Cardiac Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic function and therapeutic potential of exosomes in cardiovascular disease

Ailawadi

Wang

et al. 2015

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Diseas

Self Cite

237

184

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“…Studies have also demonstrated that IGF-1 is regulated by oxidative stress. Notably it has also been demonstrated that IGF-1 levels in blood samples are reduced in the acute phase for critical patients (8). However, it remains unclear whether IGF-1 has an anti-oxidative stress role in sepsis and the association between IGF-1 and the severity or prognosis of patients with sepsis is also ambiguous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IGF-1 may predict the severity and outcome of patients with sepsis and be associated with microRNA-1 level changes

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. IGF-1 functions as an anti-oxidative stress molecule and some critical patients with sepsis have a lower level of serum IGF-1. However, the association between IGF-1 and the severity or prognosis of sepsis remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between serum IGF-1 levels and the severity and prognosis of sepsis, and the possible mechanism was analyzed. Clinical characteristics of patients with sepsis were recorded and analyzed. Serum IGF-1 levels and micro (mi)RNA-1 levels were tested using radioimmunoassay and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, respectively. The A549 cell line and HKC cell line were cultured in vitro and exposed to H 2 O 2 with or without IGF-1 treatment. Cell death was detected by analyzing cell death markers via ELISA kits, and miRNA-1 levels were detected after H 2 O 2 exposure using RT-qPCR analysis. miRNA-1 in cells was upregulated by transfection and IGF-1 mRNA was detected to determine its relationship with miRNA-1. Once again, cell ELISA kits were used to analyze cell death markers after transfection. Serum IGF-1 levels were reduced in patients with sepsis, whereas miRNA-1 levels were higher (P<0.05 vs. healthy control). Patients in the septic shock subgroup or dead patients had the lowest IGF-1 levels and the highest miRNA-1 levels (P<0.05 vs. sepsis and severe sepsis). IGF-1 levels were inversely proportional to the miRNA-1 level. In vitro, IGF-1 reduced the cell death caused by H 2 O 2 . miRNA-1 transfection effectively increased the sensitivity of cells to H 2 O 2 damage by reducing the expression of IGF-1, which was able to prevent cells from injury caused by H 2 O 2 . The transfection of negative control miRNA did not influence the level of IGF-1 miRNA and the sensitivity to H 2 O 2 damage. In conclusion, low IGF-1 levels in patients with sepsis may predict increased severity of the condition and poor prognosis. The possible mechanism is that the excessive miRNA-1 levels reduce IGF-1 levels, resulting in insufficient anti-oxidative action by IGF-1 which increases the injury caused by oxidative stress in patients with sepsis.

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“…Alteration in miRNA-223 and miRNA-126 not only relates to CVD, we used two databases (miR2Disease Base and Human microRNA disease database) to relate these miRNA with different diseases. Approximately 50 different diseases are related to these miRNA among which are: muscular disorders [128], leukemia [129,130] and sepsis [131]. Therefore, the alteration in the levels of miRNA in platelets could relate to many diseases and be a potential target for treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%