Role of galactic bars in the formation of spiral arms: a study through orbital and escape dynamics—I

Mondal, Debasish; Chattopadhyay, Tanuka

doi:10.1007/s10569-021-10037-5

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…In this way, these series can represent the spiral arms, which are density waves and are composed of chaotic orbits. Besides the analytical theory, other methods such as the specific finite time Lyapunov characteristic number, the smaller alignment index, the surface of section and the frequency analysis were used to classify the orbits in regular and chaotic cases in barred galaxies [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China

Zhuang

Huang

et al. 2019

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

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The crystallization kinetics and melting behavior of nylon 10,10 in neat nylon 10,10 and in nylon 10,10 -montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites were systematically investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The crystallization kinetics results show that the addition of MMT facilitated the crystallization of nylon 10,10 as a heterophase nucleating agent; however, when the content of MMT was high, the physical hindrance of MMT layers to the motion of nylon 10,10 chains retarded the crystallization of nylon 10,10, which was also confirmed by polarized optical microscopy. However, both nylon 10,10 and nylon 10,10 -MMT nanocomposites exhibited multiple melting be-havior under isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization conditions. The temperature of the lower melting peak (peak I) was independent of MMT content and almost remained constant; however, the temperature of the highest melting peak (peak II) decreased with increasing MMT content due to the physical hindrance of MMT layers to the motion of nylon 10,10 chains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China

Zhuang

Huang

et al. 2019

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

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“…There were many observations and different discussions about the galactic bar [8,[13][14][15][16][17]. However, we think, as 44% of the observed 4378 disc galaxies are with a bar [13], these bars should be formed by dynamics and kinematics, rather than by accidental event, such as a collision of two galaxies.…”

Section: Multi Black Holes Of a Barmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Strong and weak bar. It is observed that 44% of the spiral galaxies are with a bar with different strength [13,14]. Here, we present, the strength of a bar is determined with these factors: 1) the ratio of .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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A Conjecture on the Possible Another Supermassive Black Hole in the Bar of Our Milky Way

Zhu

2024

Preprint

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In the bar of our Milky Way, there should be another supermassive black holes B which is with the mass almost 10-2--10-5 the Sgr A* and with a distance10,000--14,500 lightyears from Sgr A*. The bar is formed by the stellar orbiting around both of the black holes. In the Hill radius of B, a lots of stars orbit around B while another lots of stars orbit Sgr A*. It determines that there is a “x-shaped structure” in the bar and the shape of bar appears a peanut. As the orbits of the stars is out of the Hill radius of B, they are repulsed to a distant place by B to form the arms.

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“…In this way, these series can represent the spiral arms, which are density waves and are composed of chaotic orbits. In addition to the analytical theory, other methods such as the specific finite time Lyapunov characteristic number, the smaller alignment index, the surface of section and the frequency analysis were used to classify the orbits in regular and chaotic cases in barred galaxies [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Chaos in Rotating Galaxies Using Extended Force-Gradient Symplectic Methods

Zhang

Liu

2022

Symmetry

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We take into account the dynamics of three types of models of rotating galaxies in polar coordinates in a rotating frame. Due to non-axisymmetric potential perturbations, the angular momentum varies with time, and the kinetic energy depends on the momenta and spatial coordinate. The existing explicit force-gradient symplectic integrators are not applicable to such Hamiltonian problems, but the recently extended force-gradient symplectic methods proposed in previous work are. Numerical comparisons show that the extended force-gradient fourth-order symplectic method with symmetry is superior to the standard fourth-order symplectic method but inferior to the optimized extended force-gradient fourth-order symplectic method in accuracy. The optimized extended algorithm with symmetry is used to explore the dynamical features of regular and chaotic orbits in these rotating galaxy models. The gravity effects and the degree of chaos increase with an increase in the number of radial terms in the series expansions of the potential. There are similar dynamical structures of regular and chaotical orbits in the three types of models for the same number of radial terms in the series expansions, energy and initial conditions.

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Role of galactic bars in the formation of spiral arms: a study through orbital and escape dynamics—I

Cited by 5 publications

References 90 publications

School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China

School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China

A Conjecture on the Possible Another Supermassive Black Hole in the Bar of Our Milky Way

Study of Chaos in Rotating Galaxies Using Extended Force-Gradient Symplectic Methods

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