Role of genetics and sex steroid hormones in male androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss: An update of what we now know

Yip, Leona; Rufaut, Nicholas W; Sinclair, Rodney

doi:10.1111/j.1440-0960.2011.00745.x

Cited by 111 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Testosteronun DHT'ye dönüşümü genellikle tip II 5-α redüktaz tarafından gerçekleştirilir (2,9,12). DHT anagen fazda kısalma, telogen fazda uzama ve kıl foliküllerinde minyatürizasyon yapar (1).…”

Section: Etiyopatogenezunclassified

“…Bunun en önemli kanıtı kastre edilenlerde ve androjen duyarsızlığı sendromu ya da testiküler feminizasyon gibi androjen reseptör fonksiyon bozukluğu bulunanlarda kelliğin görülmemesidir (12). Güçlü androjenler arasında yer alan testosteron, saç …”

Section: Sınıflamaunclassified

“…Bu nedenle AGA "patern alopesi" olarak da adlandırılır (2,12). Saç kaybı erkeklerde sıklıkla bitemporal açılma ve orta-frontal bölge ile vertekste görülürken, kadınlarda frontoparietal alanda diffüz seyrelme dikkati çeker (1,2,9).…”

Section: Klinik Bulgularunclassified

“…AGA'nın klinik bulgularına erkeklerde yirmili yaşlarda, kadınlarda ise 25-30 yaşlarında rastlanabilir (2). Kadınlarda başlangıç yaşı 3. ve menopozun etkisi ile 5. dekadda olmak üzere iki zirve yapar (12).…”

Section: Klinik Bulgularunclassified

“…Erkek hastalar ilk dikkat çeken bulgu çoğunlukla iki taraflı temporal açılmadır (12). Açılma alanı saçlı derinin sadece yan ve arka sınırlarında saç kalacak şekilde geriye doğru genişler (Figür 3).…”

Section: Klinik Bulgularunclassified

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Androgenetik Alopesi

Yorulmaz¹

2016

J Contemp Med

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Alopesilerin en sık görülen tipi olan androgenetik alopesi (AGA), hem erkek hem de kadınları etkiler. Patogenezi henüz tüm yönleriyle aydınlanamamış olmakla beraber, AGA'nın genetik yatkınlığa sahip bireylerde androjenik etkiyle geliştiği düşünülmektedir. Saçların çap, uzunluk ve renginde ilerleyici kayıpla karakterize olan hastalığın şiddeti ve sıklığı erkeklerde, psikolojik ve sosyal etkileri ise kadınlarda daha fazladır. AGA'nın tedavisinde çok sayıda seçenek bulunmasına karşın, şimdiye kadar kullanılan ilaçların etkinlikleri genellikle geçici olmaktan öteye gidememiştir.

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Section: Etiyopatogenezunclassified

Section: Sınıflamaunclassified

Section: Klinik Bulgularunclassified

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Androgenetik Alopesi

Yorulmaz¹

2016

J Contemp Med

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A Comparison of the Hormonal Profile of Early Androgenetic Alopecia in Men With the Phenotypic Equivalent of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women

et al. 2016

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IMPORTANCE Early androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is patterned hair loss occurring before age 30 years. Early AGA in men is frequently reported as the phenotypic equivalent of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in women, which carries the risk of developing obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Very few studies have been conducted to evaluate this.OBJECTIVE To study the hormonal profile of men with early AGA and to evaluate if early AGA in men can be considered as the phenotypic equivalent of PCOS, the associated risks of which are well known. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis case-control study was conducted from January 1, 2014, to March 31, 2015, in a tertiary care government hospital. Fifty-seven men aged 19 to 30 years presenting with patterned hair loss were recruited as study participants. Thirty-two age-matched men with no evidence of hair loss were recruited as controls. Men who had any established endocrine disorder, diabetes mellitus, or cardiovascular disease and those who took any oral medication or hormonal treatment for hair loss were excluded from the study. The serum concentrations of total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, fasting plasma glucose, and insulin levels were measured. Insulin resistance (IR) and free androgen index (FAI) were calculated and compared with age-and sex-matched controls. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was to measure the clinico-endocrinological profiles (LH, FSH, SHBG, DHEAS, and testosterone levels) of men with early AGA and to compare it with the PCOS profile; the secondary outcome was to establish a relationship between this endocrinological profile and IR.RESULTS Compared with the 32 controls, the 57 participants with AGA showed significantly increased mean (SD) levels of testosterone (24.61 [7.97] vs 20.57 [4.9] nmol/L; P = .04), DHEAS (3.63 [2.19] vs 2.64 [1.49] μg/mL; P = .02), LH (7.78 [3.19] vs 4.56 [2.01] mIU/mL; P < .001), and prolactin (14.14 [9.48] vs 9.97 [3.12] ng/mL; P = .01) and decreased mean levels of FSH (4.02 [2.69] vs 5.66 [1.93] mIU/mL; P < .001) and SHBG (35.07 [11.11] vs 46.41 [14.03] nmol/L; P < .001). The mean FAI and LH/FSH ratio were was also increased in the AGA group. These hormonal parameters resemble the well-known profile of women with PCOS. The mean (SD) insulin levels did not show any significant difference between the cases and controls (6.34 [3.92] vs 5.09 [3.38] μIU/mL; P = .07). There was no statistically significant association between hormone levels and AGA or IR grade severity.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Men with early AGA could be considered as male phenotypic equivalents of women with PCOS. They can be at risk of developing the same complications associated with PCOS, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, IR, cardiovascular diseases, and infertility.

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A Review of Medical and Surgical Treatment Options for Androgenetic Alopecia

Rousso

Kim

2014

JAMA Facial Plast Surg

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Role of genetics and sex steroid hormones in male androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss: An update of what we now know

Cited by 111 publications

References 79 publications

Androgenetik Alopesi

Androgenetik Alopesi

A Comparison of the Hormonal Profile of Early Androgenetic Alopecia in Men With the Phenotypic Equivalent of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Women

A Review of Medical and Surgical Treatment Options for Androgenetic Alopecia

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