Role of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of cervical lymph node tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance

Vyawahare, ChandaR; Mukhida, Sahjid; Mirza, ShahzadBeg; Gandham, NageswariR; Khan, Sameena; Kannuri, Sriram; Bhaumi, Shalini

doi:10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_86_22

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…But the overall RIF resistance pattern, 4.8% (7/145), was shown to be slightly higher than the report from this study. 32 When compared with BACTEC MGIT 960, GeneXpert MTB RIF assay missed one RIF resistant case. A slightly similar RIF resistance pattern was shown by one study conducted in United Arab Emirates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Investigations of Fine Needle Aspirates from Newly Suspected and Previously Treated Tubercular Lymphadenitis Patients

Atnafu,

Wassie,

Tilahun

et al. 2023

IDR

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Background Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), particularly tubercular lymphadenitis (TBLN), remains to pose a huge public health problem in Ethiopia. A significant number of TBLN patients who completed a full course anti-TB treatment regimen were reported to have enlarged lymph nodes and other TB-like clinical presentations. This could either be from a paradoxical reaction or microbiological relapse, possibly due to mono/multi-drug resistance. Objective To investigate the rate of mono and multidrug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a cause of the observed treatment failures in clinically diagnosed and anti-TB treatment (newly or previously)-initiated LN patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 126 TBLN-suspected and previously treated patients between March and September 2022. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 26.0). Descriptive statistics were used to determine the frequency, percentage, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. The level of agreement was determined using Cohen’s kappa and a Chi-square test was used to measure the association between risk factors and laboratory test outcomes. A P -value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed in 28.6% (N=36) of the 126 cases using BACTEC MGIT 960 culture detection method. Approximately, 13% (N=16) of the samples were collected from previously treated TBLN patients, of which 5/16 (31.3%) were multi-drug resistant, 7/16 were drug-sensitive and 4/16 were culture negative. To rule out other non-tuberculous agents, all samples were grown on blood and Mycosel agar plates, and no growth was detected. Conclusion The emergence of drug resistant (DR) TB seems to not just be limited to pulmonary form but also to TBLN. In this study we observed a considerable number of microbiologically confirmed relapses among previously treated cases, possibly indicating the need for confirmation of drug resistance using rapid molecular methods or phenotypical methods during treatment follow up.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Investigations of Fine Needle Aspirates from Newly Suspected and Previously Treated Tubercular Lymphadenitis Patients

Atnafu,

Wassie,

Tilahun

et al. 2023

IDR

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“…Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). [ 10 ] Tests of statistical significance such as Chi-square and paired t -test were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A closer look at the link between cycle threshold, clinical features and biomarkers: An observational study in COVID-19 patients

Kannuri,

Patil,

Mukhida

et al. 2024

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Background: Symptoms for severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) appear 2–3 days after exposure to the virus. Being a virus, detection is primarily by polymerase chain reaction as this offers superior sensitivity and specificity. There was a misconception that patients with low cycle threshold (Ct) have severe coronavirus disease (COVID), and for individuals with higher Ct, it is the other way around. The prognosis for COVID was derived from various biomarkers and physicians heavily relied on them. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study spanning a duration of 2 years was conducted at a tertiary care centre in western India. A total of 201 individuals were included and the correlation between Ct, clinical features and biomarkers was studied. Results: In the E-gene, 43.28% had lower Ct values and 40.79% had low Ct values in the RdRp gene. 50% of all patients had diabetes, with 60% being between the ages of 61 and 80. 54.1% of hypertension patients belonged to ages between 61 and 80. 90.54% of COVID-positive individuals had lactose dehydrogenase levels ranging from 440 to 760. 79% of patients had a procalcitonin value of more than one but less than six. 79.1% of patients had an erythrocyte sedimentation rate between 36 and 90. Conclusion: Ct value though has a research value; it is a poor prognostic marker when compared to the various biomarkers that have been studied earlier. We cannot conclusively state that all our findings are accurate due to a lack of data but further research into the prognostic value of Ct should be conducted which will help in the ongoing scenario.

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“…En la mayoría de los casos se emplea el cultivo bacteriológico estándar para el diagnóstico de Mycobacterium tuberculosis en muestras de tuberculosis extrapulmonar (EPTB), si bien, el estudio de (24) muestra una alta concordancia entre GeneXpert y el cultivo en la mayoría de las muestras, también revela una sensibilidad relativamente baja del 69,4% en comparación con el cultivo. Esto sugiere que GeneXpert podría perder algunos casos de EPTB, especialmente en muestras de líquidos ascítico y pleural, aunque ofrece un tiempo de respuesta rápido, sus resultados negativos deben interpretarse con precaución, especialmente en entornos endémicos donde la tuberculosis es común.…”

Section: Genexpert Mtb/rifunclassified

Técnicas moleculares aplicadas al diagnóstico clínico

López Sánchez,

Valenzuela Sánchez

2024

BIOSANA

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Las técnicas de biología molecular permiten realizar diagnósticos de forma más rápida, posibilitan monitorear la progresión de alguna enfermedad, mejorar la calidad de los pronósticos. Existen muchas variantes para amplificar, detectar y secuenciar ácidos nucleicos como el ADN o ARN, dependiendo de las sospechas clínicas. La técnica más común es la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), sobre la cual se han desarrollado distintas modificaciones para mejorar el proceso de diagnóstico e interpretación, como son: la PCR multiplex, RT-PCR, los microarrays y la secuenciación de próxima generación. Los objetivos del estudio se enfocan principalmente en reconocer las técnicas de biología molecular aplicadas en el diagnóstico clínico, analizar las técnicas más comunes usadas para identificar alteraciones en el genoma e identificar las distintas técnicas que podrían llegar a implementarse para un mejor diagnóstico. La técnica de PCR-multiplex permite la detección simultánea de múltiples patógenos en una sola reacción, lo que resulta útil para el diagnóstico temprano, mostrando mayor sensibilidad que los hemocultivos convencionales, la secuenciación de próxima generación es una alternativa para el análisis de muestras citológicas, permitiendo predecir la respuesta al tratamiento y el riesgo de malignidad en cáncer de cuello uterino, donde se han identificado mutaciones frecuentes; RT-PCR/tiempo real es la técnica molecular principal para la detección del SARS-CoV-2, amplificando los genes E, RdRP y N, con alta sensibilidad y especificidad para el mismo. La hibridación genómica comparada mediante microarrays es una herramienta prometedora para el diagnóstico prenatal de anomalías cromosómicas fetales y enfermedades genéticas, evitando la necesidad de técnicas invasivas.

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Role of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of cervical lymph node tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Microbiological Investigations of Fine Needle Aspirates from Newly Suspected and Previously Treated Tubercular Lymphadenitis Patients

Microbiological Investigations of Fine Needle Aspirates from Newly Suspected and Previously Treated Tubercular Lymphadenitis Patients

A closer look at the link between cycle threshold, clinical features and biomarkers: An observational study in COVID-19 patients

Técnicas moleculares aplicadas al diagnóstico clínico

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