Role of green tea as an antioxidant in periodontal disease: The Asian paradox

Nugala, Babitha; namasi, Ambalavanan; Emmadi, Pamela; krishna, P. Navya

doi:10.4103/0972-124x.100902

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It was reported that, the polyphenols in green tea can neutralize free radicals and may reduce or even help to prevent some of the damage caused by ROS [10]. On the other hand, tea polyphenols have the ability to participate in vitamin E recycling [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protictive effects of green tea and garlic on the morphological and oxidative stress changes of hippocampus in aged male and female albino rats

El‐Sokkary¹,

Alghriany²,

Atia³

2018

J Histol Histopathol

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Objective: Green tea is an extremely popular drink and particularly rich in strong antioxidants, flavonoids. Also, garlic is important dietary and has medicinal role for centuries and possess both antioxidant and antiinflammatory action in several oxidative stress conditions. Materials and methods: Four groups of both male and female rats [young (3 months-old), aged (26 months-old), aged+green tea (200 mg/kg) and aged+garlic (100 mg/kg)] were used. Histological changes in the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus were examined. Levels of oxidized lipids (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione concentration (GSH) were measured in the serum. Results: Irregular, shrinked and deeply stained large and small pyramidal cells with fragmented nuclei and basophilic cytoplasm observed in the hippocampus of aged male and female rats. Green tea and garlic administration preserve these changes in the pyramidal cells in both genders. Aging increased the level of LPO, decreased the activity of SOD and the concentration of GSH of both male and female rats versus those of young ones. Again, green tea and garlic ameliorated these changes. Conclusion: our results showed that the protective role of green tea and garlic against oxidative stress parameters was more effective in males than females. Morphologically, garlic exerted preservation to the pyramidal cells of hippocampus more than green tea in both genders. This study suggests that the use of both green tea and garlic may inhibit the bodily changes related to aging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protictive effects of green tea and garlic on the morphological and oxidative stress changes of hippocampus in aged male and female albino rats

El‐Sokkary¹,

Alghriany²,

Atia³

2018

J Histol Histopathol

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“…Green tea is well known for its antioxidant properties, especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The same paradox applies to periodontal disease [20]. Green tea and its antioxidants have also proven effective in reducing caries rates [21].…”

Section: The Systemic Approach Reveals the Overlooked Importance Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

A hypothetical role for vitamin K2 in the endocrine and exocrine aspects of dental caries

Southward¹

2015

Medical Hypotheses

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The growing interest in oral/systemic links demand new paradigms to understand disease processes. New opportunities for dental research, particularly in the fields of neuroscience and endocrinology will emerge. The role of the hypothalamus portion of the brain cannot be underestimated. Under the influence of nutrition, it plays a significant role in the systemic model of dental caries. Currently, the traditional theory of dental caries considers only the oral environment and does not recognize any significant role for the brain. The healthy tooth, however, has a centrifugal fluid flow to nourish and cleanse it. This is moderated by the hypothalamus/parotid axis which signals the endocrine portion of the parotid glands. High sugar intake creates an increase in reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in the hypothalamus. When this signaling mechanism halts or reverses the dentinal fluid flow, it renders the tooth vulnerable to oral bacteria, which can now attach to the tooth's surface. Acid produced by oral bacteria such as Strep Mutans and lactobacillus can now de-mineralize the enamel and irritate the dentin. The acid attack stimulates an inflammatory response which results in dentin breakdown from the body's own matrix metalloproteinases. Vitamin K2 (K2) has been shown to have an antioxidant potential in the brain and may prove to be a potent way to preserve the endocrine controlled centrifugal dentinal fluid flow. Stress, including oxidative stress, magnifies the body's inflammatory response. Sugar can not only increase oral bacterial acid production but it can concurrently reduce the tooth's defenses through endocrine signaling. Saliva production is the exocrine function of the salivary glands. The buffering capacity of saliva is critical to neutralizing the oral environment. This minimizes the de-mineralization of enamel and enhances its re-mineralization. K2, such as that found in fermented cheese, improves salivary buffering through its influence on calcium and inorganic phosphates secreted. Data collected from several selected primitive cultures on the cusp of civilization demonstrated the difference in dental health due to diet. The primitive diet group had few carious lesions compared to the group which consumed a civilized diet high in sugar and refined carbohydrates. The primitives were able to include the fat soluble vitamins, specifically K2, in their diet. More endocrine and neuroscience research is necessary to better understand how nutrition influences the tooth's defenses through the hypothalamus/parotid axis. It will also link dental caries to other inflammation related degenerative diseases such as diabetes.

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“…Among these, EGCG is the most prime component in tea extract (48-55 % of total polyphenols) (Ho et al 1997). The therapeutic effects of tea components mainly of the green tea and exclusively its catechins have been extensively examined in microbial and mammalian cell systems (Nugala et al 2012). A study suggests that tea phenolics may suppress formation of mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines in cooked foods (Oguri et al 1998).…”

Section: Epigallocatechin Gallate (Egcg) Epicatechin Gallate (Ecg) mentioning

confidence: 99%

A gradient based facile HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of antioxidants extracted from tea powder

Nanjegowda¹,

Papanna

Achar³

et al. 2016

J Food Sci Technol

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A new simple, rapid and precise RP-HPLC method was developed for the extraction and quantitative estimation of caffeine (C), (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (+)-catechin(Ct), (−)-epicatechin(EC), and (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) (collectively named as Tea Powder Bioactives TPBAs) extracted from tea powder using different ratios of ethanol: water. The simultaneous determination of TPBAs was performed using the UV spectrophotometric method which employs the absorbance at 205 nm (λ max of caffeine and polyphenols). This method is a gradient based HPLC method with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min using Inertsil ODS 100 × 4.6 mm, 3 μm column with methanol and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (pH-2.8) as mobile phase. The method was validated in terms of specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, limit of quantification (LOQ), and limit of detection (LOD). The linearity of the proposed method was investigated for concentration ranging between 0.5-60 μg/mL with regression co-efficient, R 2 = 0.999-1.0. This method estimates all the TPBAs simultaneously with enhanced precision and linearity as per the ICH guidelines. Also, to confirm the individual TPBA, the antioxidant property of the each TPBA was analyzed which was commensurate with that of the previous reports.

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Role of green tea as an antioxidant in periodontal disease: The Asian paradox

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

Protictive effects of green tea and garlic on the morphological and oxidative stress changes of hippocampus in aged male and female albino rats

Protictive effects of green tea and garlic on the morphological and oxidative stress changes of hippocampus in aged male and female albino rats

A hypothetical role for vitamin K2 in the endocrine and exocrine aspects of dental caries

A gradient based facile HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of antioxidants extracted from tea powder

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