Role of <i>Anopheles</i> Mosquitoes in Cache Valley Virus Lineage Displacement, New York, USA

Dieme, Constentin; Ngo, Kiet; Tyler, Shaun; Maffei, Joseph G.; Zink, Steven D.; Dupuis, Alan P.; Koetzner, Cheri A.; Shultis, Chelsea; Stout, Jessica; Payne, Anne F.; Backenson, P. Bryon; Kuo, Lili; Drebot, Michael A.; Ciota, Alexander T.; Kramer, Laura D.

doi:10.3201/eid2802.203810

Cited by 6 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The full genome sequences of two CVV human strains (the lineage 2 Hu-2011 strain isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and the reassortant PA strain isolated from brain tissue) [ 9 , 10 ] and a reassortant isolated from An. quadrimaculatus (15041084) obtained from our earlier study were analysed [ 12 ]. The two CVV reassortant strains (PA and 15041084) contain lineage 1 L segment and lineage 2 S and M segments and both come from counties in western New York [ 12 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…quadrimaculatus (15041084) obtained from our earlier study were analysed [ 12 ]. The two CVV reassortant strains (PA and 15041084) contain lineage 1 L segment and lineage 2 S and M segments and both come from counties in western New York [ 12 ]. In addition, PA and 15041084 strains presented different phenotypes in An.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, PA and 15041084 strains presented different phenotypes in An. quadrimaculatus infectivity [ 12 ] . Nucleotide and amino acid sequence alignments were created with CVV coding regions by using the MegAlign module of the DNAStar software package ( https://www.dnastar.com ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CVV isolates are grouped into 2 lineages [ 4 ]. Since 2010 Lineage 2 was shown to have displaced lineage 1 in Connecticut, New York, and Canada [ 4 , 12 ]. Our previous studies demonstrate that Anopheles ( An. )…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…quadrimaculatus have increased competence for lineage 2 CVV strains, which likely contributed to the displacement and increased prevalence of CVV in the region over the last decade. In addition, we previously found evidence of segment reassortment in recent strains [ 12 ]. For bunyaviruses, reassortments of genome segments during co-infection has played an important role in generating diversity that can confer important alterations to viral fitness and transmissibility in hosts and vectors [ 13–17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aedes Albopictus and Cache Valley virus: a new threat for virus transmission in New York State

Dieme

Maffei

Diarra

et al. 2022

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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We report surveillance results of Cache Valley virus (CVV; Peribunyaviridae , Orthobunyavirus ) from 2017 to 2020 in New York State (NYS). Infection rates were calculated using the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method by year, region, and mosquito species. The highest infection rates were identified among Anopheles spp. mosquitoes and we detected the virus in Aedes albopictus for the first time in NYS. Based on our previous Anopheles quadrimaculatus vector competence results for nine CVV strains, we selected among them three stains for further characterization. These include two CVV reassortants (PA and 15041084) and one CVV lineage 2 strain (Hu-2011). We analyzed full genomes, compared in vitro growth kinetics and assessed vector competence of Aedes albopictus . Sequence analysis of the two reassortant strains (PA and 15041084) revealed 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.3% divergence; and 1, 10, and 6 amino acid differences for the S, M, and L segments, respectively. We additionally found that the PA strain was attenuated in vertebrate (Vero) and mosquito (C6/36) cell culture. Furthemore, Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are competent vectors for CVV Hu-2011 (16.7–62.1% transmission rates) and CVV 15041084 (27.3–48.0% transmission rates), but not for the human reassortant (PA) isolate, which did not disseminate from the mosquito midgut. Together, our results demonstrate significant phenotypic variability among strains and highlight the capacity for Ae. albopictus to act as a vector of CVV.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aedes Albopictus and Cache Valley virus: a new threat for virus transmission in New York State

Dieme

Maffei

Diarra

et al. 2022

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Cache Valley virus: an emerging arbovirus of public and veterinary health importance

Hughes,

Kenney,

Calvert

2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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Cache Valley virus (CVV) is a mosquito-borne virus in the genus Orthobunyavirus (Bunyavirales: Peribunyaviridae) that has been identified as a teratogen in ruminants causing fetal death and severe malformations during epizootics in the U.S. CVV has recently emerged as a viral pathogen causing severe disease in humans. Despite its emergence as a public health and agricultural concern, CVV has yet to be significantly studied by the scientific community. Limited information exists on CVV’s geographic distribution, ecological cycle, seroprevalence in humans and animals, and spectrum of disease, including its potential as a human teratogen. Here, we present what is known of CVV’s virology, ecology, and clinical disease in ruminants and humans. We discuss the current diagnostic techniques available and highlight gaps in our current knowledge and considerations for future research.

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Jamestown Canyon virus comes into view: understanding the threat from an underrecognized arbovirus

Shepard,

Armstrong

2023

Journal of Medical Entomology

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This review examines the epidemiology, ecology, and evolution of Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) and highlights new findings from the literature to better understand the virus, the vectors driving its transmission, and its emergence as an agent of arboviral disease. We also reanalyze data from the Connecticut Arbovirus Surveillance Program which represents the largest dataset on JCV infection in mosquitoes. JCV is a member of the California serogroup of the genus Orthobunyavirus, family Peribunyaviridae, and is found throughout much of temperate North America. This segmented, negative-sense RNA virus evolves predominately by genetic drift punctuated by infrequent episodes of genetic reassortment among novel strains. It frequently infects humans within affected communities and occasionally causes febrile illness and neuroinvasive disease in people. Reported human cases are relatively rare but are on the rise during the last 20 yr, particularly within the northcentral and northeastern United States. JCV appears to overwinter and reemerge each season by transovarial or vertical transmission involving univoltine Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) species, specifically members of the Aedes communis (de Geer) and Ae. stimulans (Walker) Groups. The virus is further amplified in a mosquito-deer transmission cycle involving a diversity of mammalophilic mosquito species. Despite progress in our understanding of this virus, many aspects of the vector biology, virology, and human disease remain poorly understood. Remaining questions and future directions of research are discussed.

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Role of Anopheles Mosquitoes in Cache Valley Virus Lineage Displacement, New York, USA

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Aedes Albopictus and Cache Valley virus: a new threat for virus transmission in New York State

Aedes Albopictus and Cache Valley virus: a new threat for virus transmission in New York State

Cache Valley virus: an emerging arbovirus of public and veterinary health importance

Jamestown Canyon virus comes into view: understanding the threat from an underrecognized arbovirus

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